The authors report the long-term outcome and cognitive development in the late-teenage years of 'normal' survivors of neonatal seizures. The outcome of the children was good, and normal in that they had attended normal schools and had normal overall intelligence test scores as adults. However, all of the sample displayed abnormal neuropsychological development in terms of intelligence test profile and subtest scatter, or development of spelling, or development of memory. This was independent of social and behavioural difficulties, which may also be increased. Neonatal seizures may be indicative of a subtle neurodevelopmental vulnerability which may manifest later in life as specific learning difficulties or poor social adjustment.