Serial ultrasound examinations were performed through the anterior fontanelle to detect and follow subependymal pseudocysts (SP) in 19 neonates without severe malformations. A high-resolution real-time sector scanner was employed. In 8 cases the SP involved both lateral ventricles, in 11 cases they were unilateral and in 7 neonates they were associated with other cerebral abnormalities. Follow up showed that in 13 cases the SP had disappeared by 9 months. No neuro-developmental abnormalities have so far been observed in the 11 children with isolated SP at birth, while in 5 of the 7 cases with associated cerebral abnormalities neurodevelopmental sequelae developed.