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  • Original Article
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Hypothermia in very low birth weight infants: distribution, risk factors and outcomes

Abstract

Objective:

The objective of this study was to study the epidemiology of neonatal hypothermia in preterm infants using World Health Organization (WHO) temperature criteria.

Study Design:

A population-based cohort of 8782 very low birth weight (VLBW) infants born in California neonatal intensive care units in 2006 and 2007. Associations between admission hypothermia and maternal and neonatal characteristics and outcomes were determined using logistic regression.

Result:

In all, 56.2% of infants were hypothermic. Low birth weight, cesarean delivery and a low Apgar score were associated with hypothermia. Spontaneous labor, prolonged rupture of membranes and antenatal steroid administration were associated with decreased risk of hypothermia. Moderate hypothermia was associated with higher risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Moderate and severe hypothermic conditions were associated with risk of death.

Conclusion:

Hypothermia by WHO criteria is prevalent in VLBW infants and is associated with IVH and mortality. Use of WHO criteria could guide the need for quality improvement projects targeted toward the most vulnerable infants.

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Acknowledgements

This project was supported in part by NIH/NCRR/OD UCSF-CTSI Grant Number KL2 RR024130. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.

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Correspondence to S S Miller.

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Appendix

Appendix

Table A1

Table A1 Admission temperature for infants <32 weeks gestational age with birth weight <1500 g by gestational age

Table A2

Table A2 Admission temperature for infants <32 weeks gestational age with birth weight <1500 g by birth weight

Figure A1

Figure A1
figure 2

Percentage of hypothermia by gestational age. The total number of cold infants is divided into WHO temperature categories of moderate/severe hypothermia and cold stress.

Figure A2

Figure A2
figure 3

Percentage of hypothermia by birth weight. The total number of cold infants is divided into WHO temperature categories of moderate/severe hypothermia and cold stress.

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Miller, S., Lee, H. & Gould, J. Hypothermia in very low birth weight infants: distribution, risk factors and outcomes. J Perinatol 31 (Suppl 1), S49–S56 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2010.177

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