Vulnerability of developing brain: VII. Permanent deficit of neurons in cerebral and cerebellar cortex following early mild undernutrition
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2020, Physiology and BehaviorCitation Excerpt :Further, in rodents, early postnatal undernutrition alters numerous behaviors in adulthood, including behaviors associated with cognitive performance [25-29], anxiety-like behaviors [30], passive avoidance [31-33], and social behaviors [34, 35]. ELA that involves undernutrition alters brain development in humans [36, 37] and rodents [38-40]. The hippocampus is particularly sensitive to adverse conditions during development.
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2015, Developmental CellCitation Excerpt :Maintaining sharp brain activity and foraging ability is critical for animals and humans to survive starvation. It is a well-known and fascinating phenomenon that brain growth and development is spared during nutritional restriction in mammals and Drosophila (Cahill, 1970; Cheng et al., 2011; Dobbing et al., 1971; Thimgan et al., 2010). We found that the mmBCFA/d17iso-GlcCer lipid biosynthesis pathway in the intestine critically promotes effective food-seeking and on-food behavior.
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2013, Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :Although in humans it is more common for malnutrition to be already present prior to pregnancy, we chose to restrict protein intake only from the beginning of gestation, since this model allows us to study the possible changes that can be programmed in utero. In this case, the putative alterations generated by the protein-restricted diet would be concentrated in the fetus and early postnatal development (but not in the mother), resulting in a permanent programming of physiological systems and increased susceptibility to disease in adulthood (metabolic programming) (Dobbing et al., 1971; Ellis-Hutchings et al., 2010; Florian and Nunes, 2010; Fowden et al., 2006; Lucas, 1998). For example, protein malnutrition at earlier developmental periods can affect brain development, causing anatomical, physiological, biochemical, and behavioral modifications that persist into adulthood (Almeida et al., 1996; Dike, 1999; Dobbing et al., 1971; Lister et al., 2005; Morgane et al., 1993; Resnick et al., 1979; Tonkiss et al., 1991).
Epilepsy, poverty and early under-nutrition in rural Ethiopia
2012, SeizureCitation Excerpt :There is some support for this hypothesis from animal studies. Neuronal loss has been reported in the cerebral cortex of adult rats exposed to mild early malnutrition and subsequently rehabilitated.2 Further work has shown that the hippocampal formation seems particularly vulnerable to early malnutrition in rats with reductions in density of dentate granule, hilar, CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells.3
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2009, European Journal of Paediatric NeurologyCitation Excerpt :Martinussen et al.56 found reduced brain volume in SGA adolescents; however there is no evidence of increased cortical thinness56 or increased prevalence of white matter reduction, ventricular dilatation or thinning of corpus callosum compared with controls.53 Animal studies have shown that growth restriction before and after birth may result in reduced myelination and weight of the cerebellum.57,58 In the previous study we speculated whether this mechanism may be responsible for the manual dexterity problems seen in the SGA group.9
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This work was supported by a grant from the Medical Research Council. We are also grateful to the National Fund for Research into Crippling Diseases and to the Spastics Society for their help.