Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Use of Home Visit and Developmental Clinic Services by High Risk Mexican-American and White Non-Hispanic Infants

  • Published:
Maternal and Child Health Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective: To investigate whether US-born infants of mothers of Mexican descent who were enrolled in Arizona’s Newborn Intensive Care Program (NICP) received follow-up services (developmental clinic and community health nurse [(CHN)] home visits) at the rates similar to White non-Hispanic (WNH) infants. Socio-economic and health status characteristics were controlled using stepped regressions in order to assess the impact of each on service use. Methods: This population-based study used retrospective data from the NICP administrative database that were linked to birth certificates for years 1994–1998. The study population was limited to Arizona-born infants; it included 7442 infants of WNH mothers, 2612 infants of US-born Mexican American (MA) mothers and 2872 infants of Mexico-born mothers. Four service use indicators were used in the analysis. Results: Both Hispanic infant subgroups were less likely to have a CHN visit by 6 months and by 1 year, and to average fewer CHN visits. A smaller percent attended the developmental clinic by age one. After controlling for language, demographics, health status, socio-economic characteristics, and mothers’ prenatal care use, infants of US-born MA mothers had rates of use similar to WNH. However, even after controlling for the study variables, infants of Mexico-born mothers were less likely (OR =.83) to use the developmental clinic. Hispanics continued to lag behind in the use of services compared with WNHs. The disparity is not a function of ethnicity, but appears attributable to demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Infants who had a CHN visit were significantly more likely (OR = 2.51) to use the developmental clinic than those without a nurse visit. Infants whose mothers had inadequate prenatal care were less likely to use these follow-up services even after controlling for study variables. Conclusions: Infants whose mothers had inadequate prenatal care should be targeted for more intense CHN visits. Infants of mothers born in Mexico may need additional support/assistance in using the developmental clinic.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hack M, Taylor H, Klein N, Eiben R, Schatschneider C, Mercuri-Minich N. School-aged outcomes in children with birth weights under 750 g. N Engl J Med 1994;331(12):753–758.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Saigal S. Follow-up of very low birthweight babies to adolescence. Semin Neonatol 2000;5(2):107–118.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Singer L, Salvator A, Guo S, Collin M, Lilien L, Baley J. Maternal psychological distress and parenting stress after the birth of a very low-birth-weight infant. JAMA 1999;281(9):799–805.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Flores G, Bauchner H, Feinstein A, Nguyen, U. The impact of ethnicity, family income, and parental education on children’s health and use of health services. Am J Public Health 1999;89(7):1066–1071.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Moore P, Hepworth J. Use of perinatal and infant health services by Mexican-American Medicaid enrollees. JAMA 1994;272(4):297–304.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Moore P, Fenlon N, Hepworth J. Indicators of differences in immunization rates of Mexican-American and white non-Hispanic infants in a Medicaid managed care system. Public Health Nurs 1996;13(1):21–30.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Perez-Stable E, Marin G, Marin B. Behavioral risk factors: A comparison of Latino and non-Latino whites in San Francisco. Am J Public Health 1994;84(6):971–976.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Anderson L, Wood D, Sherbourne C. Maternal acculturation and childhood immunization level among children in Latino families in Los Angeles. Am J Public Health 1997;87(12):2018–2021.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Zambrana R, Logie L. Latino child health: Need for inclusion in the US national discourse. Am J Public Health 2000;90(12):1827–1833.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Trevino F, Moyer M, Valdez R, Stroup-Benham C. Health insurance coverage and utilization of services by Mexicans, mainland Puerto Ricans and Cuban Americans. JAMA 1991;265(2):233–237.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Giachello A. Issues of access and use. Maternal/perinatal health. In: Molina C, Aguirre-Molina M, Latino Health in the US: A Growing Challenge, Washington, DC: American Public Health Association, 1994Chapters 4 & 6.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Gazmarian J, Arrington T, Bailey C, Schwarz K, Koplan J. Prenatal care for low-income women enrolled in a managed-care organization. Obstet Gynecol 1999;94(2):177–183.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Doty M. Hispanic Patients’ Double Burden: Lack of Health Insurance and Limited English, The Commonwealth Fund, February 2003, (Report No. 592) New York.

  14. Singh G, Yu S. Adverse pregnancy outcomes: Differences between US and foreign-born women in major US racial and ethnic groups. Am J Public Health 1996;86(6):837–843.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Guendelman S, English P. Effect of United States residence on birth outcomes among Mexican immigrants: An exploratory study. Am J Epidemiol 1995;142(9):S30–S38.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Collins J, Shay D. Prevalence of low birth weight among hispanic infants with united states-born and foreign-born mothers: The effect of urban poverty. Am J Epidemiol 1994;139(2):184–192.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kogan M, Alexander G, Jack B, Allen M. The association between adequacy of prenatal care utilization and subsequent pediatric care utilization in the United States. Pediatrics 1998;102(1):25–30.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Wiecha J, Gann P. Does maternal prenatal care use predict infant immunization delay? Family Med 1994;26(3):172–178.

    Google Scholar 

  19. U.S. Census Bureau. The Hispanic Population: Census 2000 Brief. U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, C2KBR/01-3, May 2001: 1–8.

  20. Arizona Department of Health Services. Arizona Health Status and Vital Statistics, Phoenix, AZ: Office of Epidemiology and Statistics, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Arizona Department of Health Services. Newborn Intensive Care Program: Parents’ Handbook. Phoenix, AZ: Office of Women’s and Children’s Health, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Clark K, Fu C, Burnett C. Accuracy of birth certificate data regarding the amount, timing and adequacy of prenatal care using prenatal clinic medical records as referents. Am J Epidemiol 1997;(145):68–71.

    Google Scholar 

  23. DiGiuseppe D, Aron D, Ranbom L, Harper D, Rosenthal G. Reliability of birth certificate data: A multihospital comparison to medical records information, Matern Child Health J 2002;6(3):169–179.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Buescher P, Taylor K, Davis M, Bowling M. The quality of new birth certificate data: A validation study in North Carolina. Am J Public Health 1993;83(8):1163–1165.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Baumeister L, Marchi K, Pearl M, Williams R, Braveman P. The validity of information on “Race” and “Hispanic Ethnicity” in California birth certificate data. Health Service Res 2000;35(4):869–883.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Emtala.com. Frequently Asked Questions about the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act, from http://www.uplaw.net/faq.htm

  27. Alexander G, Kotelchuck M. Quantifying the adequacy of prenatal care: A comparison of indices. Public Health Rep 1996;111(5):408–418.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Zhang J, Yu K. What’s the relative risk? A method of correcting the odds ratio in cohort studies of common outcomes. JAMA 1998;280(19):1690–1691.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Braveman P, Marchi K, Egerter S, Pearl M, Neuhaus J. Barriers to timely prenatal care among women with insurance: The importance of prepregnancy factors. Obstet Gynecol 2000;95(6):874–880.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Kitzman H, Olds D, Sidora K, Henderson C, Hanks C, Cole R, Luckey D, Bondy J, Cole K, Glazner J. Enduring effects of nurse home visitation on maternal life course: A 3-year follow-up of a randomized trial. JAMA 2000;283(15):1983–1989.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Brooten D, Kumar S, Brown L, Butts P, Finkler S, Blakewell-Sachs S, Gibbons A, Delivoria-Papadopoulos M. A randomized clinical trial of early hospital discharge and home follow-up of very-low-birth weight infants. N Engl J Med 1986;315(15):934–939.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Olds D, Echenrode J, Henderson C, Kitzman H, Powers J, Cole R, Sidor K, Morris P, Petitt L, Luckey D. Long-term effects of home visitation on maternal life course and child abuse and neglect: Fifteen-year follow-up of a randomized trial. JAMA 1997;278(8):637–643.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Iyasu S, Randall L, Welty T, Hsia J, Kinney H, Mandell F, McCain M, Randall B, Habbe D, Wilson H, Willinger M. Risk factors for sudden death syndrome among Northern Plains Indians. JAMA 2002;288(2):2717–2723.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Olds D, Henderson C, Kitzman H. Does prenatal and infancy nurse home visitations have enduring effects on qualities of parental caregiving and child health at 25–50 months of life? Pediatrics 1994;93(1):89–98.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. Jane Brady RN, MS

    Present address: Mountain States Tumor Institute, Boise, Idaho

  2. Robert Russ BS

    Present address: Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System, Phoenix, Arizona

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Nursing, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona

    Patricia D. Moore DrPH

  2. Maricopa Integrated Health System and Medpro, Phoenix, Arizona

    R. Curtis Bay, Dean V. Coonrod MD MPH, Jane Brady RN, MS & Robert Russ BS

  3. El Paso Regional Campus, University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Texas

    Hector Balcazar PhD

  4. College of Nursing, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287

    Patricia D. Moore DrPH

Authors
  1. Patricia D. Moore DrPH
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. Curtis Bay
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hector Balcazar PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Dean V. Coonrod MD MPH
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jane Brady RN, MS
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Robert Russ BS
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Patricia D. Moore DrPH.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Moore, P.D., Bay, R.C., Balcazar, H. et al. Use of Home Visit and Developmental Clinic Services by High Risk Mexican-American and White Non-Hispanic Infants. Matern Child Health J 9, 35–47 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-005-2449-1

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-005-2449-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation