Patient demographic characteristics (N=65)
| Patient characteristics | |
| Gestational age at birth in weeks+days, median (IQR; min–max) | 40+2 (39+0–41+2; 34+0–42+1) |
| Birth weight in g, median (IQR; min–max) | 3500 (3183–4055; 2376–5828) |
| Apgar at 5 min, median (IQR; min–max) | 3 (1–4; 0–10) |
| Apgar at 10 min, median (IQR; min–max) | 4 (2–6; 0–10) |
| Boys/girls | 31/34 |
| Inborn/outborn | 33/32 |
| Singletons/part of a set of multiples | 63/2 |
| Maternal age at delivery in years, mean (SD) | 32 (5) |
| Mode of delivery | |
| Vaginal delivery (unassisted) | 15 (23.08%) |
| Ventouse extraction | 16 (24.62%) |
| Forceps extraction | 1 (1.54%) |
| Caesarian section | 32 (49.23%) |
| Home birth (unassisted) | 1 (1.54%) |
| Clearly identifiable sentinel event around the time of birth | |
| Shoulder dystocia | 6 (9%) |
| Placental abruption | 8 (12%) |
| Other massive haemorrhage | 3 (5%) |
| Uterine rupture | 3 (5%) |
| Maternal cardiac arrest | 1 (2%) |
| Other (compressed umbilical cord, failed attempt at assisted vaginal delivery) | 7 (11%) |
| Intubation in the delivery room, n (%) | 48 (74) |
| Need for cardiac compressions during resuscitation, n (%) | 37 (57) |
| Continued need for resuscitation at 10 min, n (%) | 46 (71) |
| Lowest pH within 60 min, median (IQR; min–max) | 6.9 (6.8–7; 6.5–7.3) |
| Lowest BE (mmol/L) within 60 min, median (IQR, min–max) | −19 (−22.5 to −13.5; −36 to −4) |
| Time to initiation of TH in hours, median (IQR; min–max) | 4 (2.3–5.4; 1–13*) |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation in hours, median (IQR; min−max) | 66 (17–120; 4–480) |
| Seizures, clinical and/or electroencephalographic, n (%) | 54 (84) |
| Acute kidney injury (any stage) as per the nKDIGO definition, n (%) | 29 (45) |
| Length of stay among survivors in days, median (IQR; min−max) | 11.5 (9−16; 6−57) |
| Severity of HIE | |
| Sarnat stage 1 | 4 (6%) |
| Sarnat stage 2 | 50 (77%) |
| Sarnat stage 3 | 11 (17%) |
*Active hypothermia treatment initiated at 13 hours of age in one infant after generalised seizures, active hypothermia treatment initiated at 10 hours of age in one infant after clinical seizure, active hypothermia treatment initiated at 10 hours and 20 min of age in one infant after clinical seizure.
BE, base excess; HIE, hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy; max, maximum; min, minimum; nKDIGO, Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes definition modified for use in neonatal patients; TH, therapeutic hypothermia.