Outcomes | Step A (n=5) | Step B (n=5) | Step C (n=5) | |
Day 1 | Day 2 | |||
Oxygen saturation (%)* | ||||
Pre-RIC | 98 (97–99) | 95 (94–98) | 95 (92–100) | 91 (91–93) |
Post-RIC | 96 (95–99) | 96 (95–100) | 100 (93–100) | 94 (92–100) |
Change (pre-post RIC)† | 2 (−1 to 4) | −2 (−4 to 3) | −1 (−5 to 1) | −2 (−9 to 0) |
Capillary refill time (s)* | ||||
Pre-RIC | 3 (1–3) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–3) |
Post-RIC | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–3) |
Change (pre-post RIC)† | 0 (−2 to 0) | 0 (0 to 1) | 0 (0 to 1) | 0 |
PIPP score‡ | ||||
Pre-RIC | 3 (2–7) | 5 (2–9) | 5 (3–11) | 4 (4–7) |
Post-RIC | 5 (4–6) | 7 (3–10) | 6 (2–9) | 7 (3–8) |
Change (pre-post RIC)† | −1 (−4 to 2) | −1 (−7 to 1) | 0 (−1 to 2) | −1 (−4 to 4) |
Urine output (mL/kg/hour) | ||||
24 hours pre-RIC | 3.5 (0.6–8) | 4.7 (3.2–6) | 5.2 (3.4–14.7) | 4.3 (3.4–5.4) |
24 hours post-RIC | 4.8 (3.1–6.4) | 5 (3.7–6.5) | 4.3 (3.7–5.4) | 3.5 (2–4.8) |
Change (pre-post RIC)† | 1.9 (−3.7 to 5.8) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.2) | −0.1 (−10.4 to 0.2) | 0.8 (−1 to 3.5) |
Data are expressed as median (range).
*Oxygen saturation (%) and capillary refill time (s) were measured before the first cycle of ischaemia (pre-RIC) and during the 4 min reperfusion time following the last cycle of ischaemia (post-RIC).
†Change was calculated as pre-RIC minus post-RIC values.
‡PIPP score determined before RIC and 6 hours after the last cycle.
PIPP, Premature Infant Pain Profile; RIC, remote ischaemic conditioning.