Outcomes of infants with moderate or severe hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy who were born in either a level 2 non-CC or CC after propensity score-matching
| Outcome variable | Born in non-CC | Born in CC | OR (95% CI) | P value |
| n=696* | n=696* | |||
| Survival without seizures | 225 (32.3) | 270 (38.8) | 1.33 (1.06 to 1.65) | 0.01 |
| Seizures | 445 (63.9) | 401 (57.6) | 0.77 (0.61 to 0.95) | 0.02 |
| Death | 105 (15.1) | 90 (12.9) | 0.84 (0.62 to 1.13) | 0.25 |
| Day of death (hours) | ||||
| ≤24 | 25 (3.6) | 22 (3.2) | – | 0.84 |
| 24–72 | 28 (4.0) | 27 (3.9) | 1.10 (0.50 to 2.40) | |
| >72 | 52 (7.5) | 41 (5.9) | 0.90 (0.44 to 1.82) | |
| Anticonvulsants†‡ | ||||
| None | 97 (21.8) | 116 (28.9) | – | – |
| 1 drug | 222 (49.9) | 206 (51.4) | 0.90 (0.71 to 1.13) | 0.67 |
| ≥2 drugs | 126 (28.3) | 79 (19.7) | 0.57 (0.42 to 0.78) | <0.01 |
| Respiratory support† | ||||
| Ventilated | 493 (70.8) | 454 (65.2) | 0.92 (0.64 to 1.32) | 0.66 |
| HFOV | 108 (15.5) | 145 (20.8) | 1.34 (0.88 to 2.04) | 0.17 |
| CPAP | 29 (4.2) | 30 (4.3) | 1.03 (0.56 to 1.91) | 0.91 |
| Hypotension | 326 (46.8) | 303 (43.5) | 0.88 (0.71 to 1.08) | 0.22 |
| PPHN | 97 (13.9) | 95 (13.8) | 0.98 (0.72 to 1.32) | 0.88 |
| Nitric oxide | 66 (9.5) | 67 (9.6) | 1.01 (0.71 to 1.45) | 0.93 |
| Transferred L2–L3 | 615 (88.4) | 449 (64.5) | 0.24 (0.18 to 0.32) | <0.001 |
| Length of stay (days) | 10.6 (7.0–17.5) | 10.5 (6.8–17.7) | 0.55 (0.13 to 2.40) | 0.41 |
*Data are n (%).
†Compared with baseline − no anticonvulsants/no respiratory support.
‡Data are n (%) of infants with seizures.
CC, cooling centre; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; HFOV, high frequency oscillatory ventilation; PPHN, persistent pulmonary hypertension.