Neonatal baseline characteristics*
| Characteristic | Therapeutic hypothermia (n=25) | Standard care (n=25) |
| Inborn, n/N (%) | 13/25 (52) | 17/25 (68) |
| Mode of delivery, n/N (%) | ||
| Vaginal | 9/25 (36) | 10/25 (40) |
| Vacuum/forceps | 5/25 (20) | 5/25 (20) |
| Emergency caesarean section | 11/25 (44) | 10/25 (40) |
| Male sex, n/N (%) | 17/25 (68) | 16/25 (64) |
| Gestational age (weeks), mean (SD)† | 39.1 (1.3) | 39.2 (1.4) |
| Birth weight (g), mean (SD) | 2911 (483) | 2960 (553) |
| Length (cm), mean (SD)‡ | 48.5 (2.5) | 48.6 (3.1) |
| Head circumference (cm), mean (SD)§ | 34.0 (1.1) | 34.4 (1.9) |
| Small for gestational age, n/N (%)¶ | 7/25 (28) | 7/23 (30) |
| 1 min Apgar score, n/N (%) | ||
| 0–3 | 17/21 (81) | 13/21 (62) |
| 4–6 | 3/21 (14) | 7/21 (33) |
| 7–10 | 1/21 (5) | 1/21 (5) |
| 5 min Apgar score, n/N (%) | ||
| 0–3 | 5/22 (23) | 1/21 (5) |
| 4–6 | 13/22 (59) | 12/21 (57) |
| 7–10 | 4/22 (18) | 8/21 (38) |
| Cord/blood <60 min pH, mean (SD)** | 6.81 (0.12) | 6.93 (0.18) |
| Cord/blood <60 min base excess, mean (SD)†† | −19.6 (3.2) | −16.5 (4.6) |
| Resuscitation at birth, n/N (%) | ||
| Bag mask ventilation | 19/19 (100) | 22/23 (96) |
| Intubation | 12/19 (63) | 16/23 (70) |
| Chest compressions | 0/19 | 3/23 (13) |
| Epinephrine | 0/19 | 0/23 |
| Temperature on admission (°C), mean (SD)‡‡ | 35.8 (0.8) | 36.2 (0.6) |
| Age at randomisation (hour), mean (SD) | 3.14 (1.48) | 3.27 (1.50) |
| Seizures before randomisation, n/N (%) | 13/25 (52) | 13/25 (52) |
| Thompson score at randomisation, median (IQR) | 9 (6–13) | 9 (6–16) |
*Percentages are based on the number of infants for whom data were available.
†Data were unavailable for two infants in standard care group.
‡Data were unavailable for one infant in therapeutic hypothermia group.
§Data were unavailable for one infant in each group.
¶Small for gestational age defined as birth weight less than the 10th percentile according to the Intergrowth 21st chart.
**Data were unavailable for 13 infants in therapeutic hypothermia group and seven in standard care group. Cord pH was not available in outborn infants.
††Data were unavailable for 14 infants in therapeutic hypothermia group and eight in standard care group. Cord base excess was not available in outborn infants.
‡‡Data were unavailable for three infants in therapeutic hypothermia group and five in standard care group.