Provider and practice characteristics stratified by intubation difficulty
| Provider and practice characteristic | Non-difficult intubation (n=1733) | Difficult intubation (n=276) | P value |
| First intubator | |||
| Neonatology fellow, n (%) | 474 (27) | 135 (49) | <0.001 |
| Nurse practitioner/physician assistant/hospitalist | 698 (40) | 67 (24) | |
| Paediatric resident | 266 (15) | 34 (12) | |
| Neonatology attending | 122 (7) | 18 (6) | |
| Respiratory therapist | 44 (3) | 0 (0) | |
| Other | 129 (7) | 22 (8) | |
| Device used | |||
| Direct laryngoscope | 1353 (78) | 230 (83) | <0.001 |
| Videolaryngoscope | 380 (30) | 35 (13) | |
| Other | 0 (0) | 11 (4) | |
| Medications given | |||
| Analgesic/sedative | 1125 (65) | 161 (58) | 0.03 |
| Paralytic* | 865 (50) | 81 (23) | <0.001 |
*Ten neonates were reported to receive paralysis only. From the data, it is unclear whether these neonates were already sedated before TI procedure was initiated.
TI, tracheal intubation.