Adjusted incidence rate ratio for infant mortality in preterm babies, by ethnicity relative to White British, with 95% CI
| Cause of death | Congenital anomalies | Immaturity-related | Other causes | All causes |
| Gestation at birth | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24–27 weeks | ||||
| White British | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| White Non-British | 1.66 (1.02 to 2.71) | 0.83 (0.70 to 0.97) | 1.44 (0.98 to 2.11) | 0.94 (0.83 to 1.08) |
| Pakistani | 1.47 (0.86 to 2.50) | 0.79 (0.67 to 0.94) | 1.55 (1.04 to 2.29) | 0.92 (0.80 to 1.05) |
| Indian | 0.87 (0.36 to 2.11) | 0.75 (0.60 to 0.94) | 0.85 (0.44 to 1.65) | 0.77 (0.64 to 0.93) |
| Bangladeshi | 1.15 (0.37 to 3.55) | 0.77 (0.54 to 1.09) | 1.43 (0.65 to 3.15) | 0.87 (0.65 to 1.15) |
| Black African | 0.86 (0.49 to 1.50) | 0.74 (0.64 to 0.85) | 1.24 (0.87 to 1.77) | 0.80 (0.71 to 0.90) |
| Black Caribbean | 0.94 (0.42 to 2.11) | 0.63 (0.49 to 0.80) | 1.30 (0.77 to 2.21) | 0.72 (0.59 to 0.88) |
| Other stated | 0.88 (0.54 to 1.43) | 0.76 (0.67 to 0.86) | 1.03 (0.73 to 1.44) | 0.80 (0.72 to 0.89) |
| Unstated | 1.12 (0.67 to 1.88) | 0.91 (0.80 to 1.03) | 1.04 (0.71 to 1.54) | 0.94 (0.84 to 1.05) |
| Χ2 for variation | 7.4, p=0.5 | 53.0, p<0.0001 | 9.3, p=0.3 | 40.1, p<0.0001 |
| 28–31 weeks | ||||
| White British | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| White Non-British | 1.53 (1.03 to 2.26) | 1.27 (0.95 to 1.69) | 1.11 (0.67 to 1.86) | 1.31 (1.06 to 1.60) |
| Pakistani | 2.00 (1.38 to 2.89) | 1.11 (0.79 to 1.56) | 1.82 (1.18 to 2.82) | 1.50 (1.21 to 1.85) |
| Indian | 1.32 (0.77 to 2.26) | 0.72 (0.44 to 1.18) | 0.95 (0.47 to 1.93) | 0.92 (0.67 to 1.27) |
| Bangladeshi | 1.91 (0.98 to 3.72) | 1.32 (0.75 to 2.34) | 0.86 (0.28 to 2.68) | 1.39 (0.94 to 2.06) |
| Black African | 0.76 (0.44 to 1.31) | 0.56 (0.36 to 0.87) | 0.90 (0.51 to 1.59) | 0.68 (0.51 to 0.91) |
| Black Caribbean | 0.14 (0.02 to 0.98) | 0.75 (0.42 to 1.34) | 1.21 (0.57 to 2.56) | 0.68 (0.44 to 1.06) |
| Other stated | 1.06 (0.74 to 1.51) | 0.95 (0.73 to 1.24) | 1.07 (0.71 to 1.60) | 1.00 (0.83 to 1.20) |
| Unstated | 1.12 (0.73 to 1.71) | 1.26 (0.96 to 1.65) | 0.63 (0.34 to 1.15) | 1.09 (0.88 to 1.35) |
| Χ2 for variation | 26.7, p=0.0008 | 17.1, p=0.03 | 11.1, p=0.2 | 35.0, p<0.0001 |
| 32–36 weeks | ||||
| White British | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| White Non-British | 1.29 (1.00 to 1.66) | 1.16 (0.68 to 1.97) | 0.71 (0.50 to 1.02) | 1.04 (0.86 to 1.25) |
| Pakistani | 4.50 (3.78 to 5.37) | 2.13 (1.32 to 3.45) | 1.49 (1.12 to 1.98) | 2.93 (2.55 to 3.37) |
| Indian | 1.79 (1.33 to 2.41) | 1.02 (0.48 to 2.18) | 0.85 (0.54 to 1.32) | 1.30 (1.03 to 1.65) |
| Bangladeshi | 2.89 (2.10 to 3.97) | 0.29 (0.04 to 2.05) | 0.57 (0.29 to 1.16) | 1.59 (1.20 to 2.11) |
| Black African | 2.06 (1.59 to 2.68) | 0.24 (0.06 to 0.97) | 0.86 (0.57 to 1.29) | 1.33 (1.07 to 1.65) |
| Black Caribbean | 1.20 (0.72 to 2.00) | 0.91 (0.29 to 2.84) | 0.83 (0.44 to 1.54) | 1.01 (0.69 to 1.46) |
| Other stated | 1.36 (1.11 to 1.67) | 0.98 (0.61 to 1.56) | 0.82 (0.62 to 1.07) | 1.09 (0.93 to 1.27) |
| Unstated | 1.08 (0.83 to 1.42) | 1.20 (0.73 to 1.96) | 0.81 (0.58 to 1.12) | 0.99 (0.82 to 1.20) |
| Χ2 for variation | 308.7, p<0.0001 | 16.7, p=0.03 | 19.7, p=0.01 | 238.8, p<0.0001 |
Live singleton births at 24 – 36 weeks , England and Wales 2006–2012 . Stratified by gestational age at birth (completed weeks) and cause of death. Adjusted for IMD, birth year and gestation week. All models have acceptable goodness-of fit (Pearson p>0.1). P-value from Wald test for ethnic variation shown in bold if statistically significant, with Bonferroni significance level 0.0021 to compensate for multiple tests.
IMD, Index of Multiple Deprivation.