Table 1

Baseline characteristics of included studies

Study	Participants randomized	Gestational age (weeks) Mean±SD	Birth weight (g) Mean±SD	Postnatal age at randomisation	Intervention duration (days) Mean±SD	Follow-up duration	Type of Intervention	Route of administration	Dose of intervention	Comparator	Industrial funding (yes/no)
Bassler et al 51	863	26.1±1.3	801±191	≤12 hours	35	NR	BUD	Inhalation	800 µg/day in the first 14 days then 400 µg/day until no longer oxygen and positive-pressure support were required or until reaching 32 weeks gestational age	Placebo	No
Cole et al 54	253	26±2	801±191	3–14 days	28	NR	BDP		40 µg/kg for the first week, 30 and 15 µg/kg in 10 then 5 µg/kg in the fourth week	Placebo	NR
Foke et al 43	53	27.5±0.2	987±71	<24 hours	14	14 days	Influenza		500 µg/day	Placebo	NR
Jangaard et al 50	60	27.6±2.0	900±192	72 hours	28	NR	BDP		0.2 mg/kg/day	Placebo	No
Jónsson et al 47	30	28.5±4.6	841±203	7 days	21	7 days	BUD		1000 µg/day	Placebo	No
Denjean et al 48	86	27.2±1.6	1071±254	7–10 days	28	NR	BDP		1000 µg/day	Placebo	NR
Ng et al 53	25	26.3±0.6	921±68	≤24 hours	14	0	Influenza		1000 µg/day	Placebo	NR
Pappagallo et al 55	36	26.7±1	839±78	>7 days	30±4	4 days	DEX		0.5 mg/kg/days for days 0–3; 0.25 mg/kg/day from days 4–7; 1.0 mg/kg/day for days 8–15; 0.5 mg/kg/day from days 16 to 18	Normal saline	NR
Yeh et al 37	265	26.7±2.2	909±268	<4 hours	NR	3 years	BUD+surfactant	Intratracheal instillation	0.25 mg/kg+ 100 mg/kg at ratio>1:50	Surfactant	NR
Yeh et al*46	116	26.5±2.4	899±259	<4 hours	NR	3 years	BUD+surfactant		0.25 mg/kg+ 100 mg/kg at ratio>1:50	Surfactant	NR
Wan et al 41	62	32.3±2.6	1591±332	NR	1	2 days	BUD+surfactant		0.25 mg/kg + 100 mg/kg	Surfactant	NR
Lin et al 52	86	27±2.0	953±250	≤12 hours	7	NR	BUD		0.50 mg/kg/day	Normal saline	NR

*Yeh et al study population was followed up for 3 years and additional data were reported by Kuo et al.74
BDP, beclomethasone dipropionate; BUD, budesonide; DEX, dexamethasone; NR, not reported.