Table 1

SpO₂ targets and FiO₂ strategies from individual studies

Study	Enrolment period/location	Gestation (weeks)	FiO₂	SpO₂targets	5 min SpO₂study targets
Study	Enrolment period/location	Gestation (weeks)	FiO₂	SpO₂targets	Detected	Not met	Met	Overshot
Wang et al 26	2005–2007 USA	23–32	0.21 vs 1.0 n=31	FiO₂↑ to aim for SpO₂ <70% at 3 min or <85% at 5 min FiO₂↓ if SpO₂was >95% any time FiO₂ 1.0 given if heart rate was <100 bpm at 2 min or CM needed Time 0 not stated	26 (84%)	3 (10%)	9 (29%)	14 (45%)
Escrig et al 20	2005–2007 Spain	≤28	0.3–0.9 n=42	FiO₂ adjusted by 0.1 every 30 s to aim for a SpO₂ of 75% at 5 min and 85% at 10 min FiO₂ 1.0 given if heart rate ≤60 bpm >30 s Time 0 not stated	42 (100%)	18 (43%)	1 (2%)	23 (55%)
Vento et al 21	2007–2008 Spain	≤28	0.3–0.9 n=78	Procedure as per Escrig et al 22	78 (100%)	47 (60%)	29 (37%)	2 (3%)
Rabi27	2005–2007 Canada	≤32	0.21 vs 1.0 n=26	FiO₂ adjusted by 0.2 every 15 s to aim for SpO₂85%–92% 5%–10% changes made to maintain SpO₂ within target range FiO₂ 1.0 given if heart rate was <100 bpm for >30 s or CM needed	26 (100%)	13 (50%)	6 (23%)	7 (27%)
Aguar et al 28	2010–2012 Spain	<30	0.3 vs 0.6 n=60	FiO₂ adjusted according to internationally recommended SpO₂ targets Time 0 not stated	60 (100%)	53 (88%)	7 (12%)	0
Rook et al 29	2008–2012 The Netherlands	26+5–32	0.3 vs 0.6 n=193	FiO₂ adjusted to target SpO₂ of 88%–94% at 10 min of age FiO₂ decreased if SpO₂was >94% Time 0=at cord clamping	149 (77%)	87 (45%)	39 (20%)	23 (12%)
Kapadia et al 30	2010–2011 USA	24–34	0.21% vs 1.0 n=51	Only infants <32 weeks included Time 0 not stated FiO₂ 0.21 group given extra oxygen if HR <100 bpm after effective ventilation, lower limit of term infant SpO₂ (5 min 80%–85%) not reached. FiO₂ 1.0 if HR <60 FiO₂ adjusted 10% every 30 s to maintain SpO₂ in IQR FiO₂ 1.0 group had oxygen reduced by 0.1 q30s to meet SpO₂85%–94%	51 (100%)	18 (35%)	4 (8%)	29 (57%)
Oei et al 25	2009–2014 Australia Malaysia Qatar	<31+6	0.21 vs 1.0 n=287	FiO₂ increased by 0.1 if SpO₂ was <65% before 5 min or <80% after 5 min FiO₂ decreased by 0.1 if SpO₂>95%. FiO₂ increased to 1.0 if heart rate <100 bpm or SpO₂<65% at 5 min or if CM was required Time 0=at cord clamping	274 (96%)	104 (36%)	64 (22%)	106 (37%
Total			768		706 (92%)	343 (49%)	159 (23%)	204 (29%)

CC, cord clampling; CM, cardiac massage; FiO₂, fraction of inspired oxygen; HR, heart rate; NS, not stated; SpO₂, pulse oximetry.