Intervention: different modes of respiratory support | Outcome | N studies | N patients | Intervention group | Control group | RR | 95% CI |
NCPAP vs MV13 | Death/BPD | 4 | 2782 | 532/1296 | 641/1486 | 0.91 | 0.84 to 0.99 |
BPD | 4 | 2536 | 383/1182 | 461/1354 | 0.91 | 0.82 to 1.01 | |
NCPAP±LISA vs MV± INSURE14 | Death/BPD | 4 | 3289 | 614/1552 | 737/1737 | 0.83 | 0.71 to 0.96 |
NCPAP+LISA vs MV±INSURE15 | Death/BPD | 6 | 895 | 90/447 | 121/448 | 0.75 | 0.59 to 0.94 |
BPD | 6 | 814 | 56/410 | 77/404 | 0.72 | 0.53 to 0.97 | |
NCPAP+LISA vs MV16 | Death/BPD | 1 | 189 | n.p. | n.p. | 0.49* | 0.30 to 0.79 |
INSURE vs MV16 | Death/BPD | 2 | 419 | n.p. | n.p. | 0.71* | 0.50 to 0.98 |
NCPAP vs MV16 | Death/BPD | 3 | 2085 | n.p. | n.p. | 0.58* | 0.35 to 0.93 |
NIPPV vs NCPAP16 | Death/BPD | 5 | 775 | n.p. | n.p. | 0.82* | 0.53 to 1.24 |
NIPPV vs NCPAP17 | BPD | 9 | 899 | 60/450 | 77/449 | 0.78 | 0.58 to 1.06 |
sNIPPV vs NCPAP18 | BPD | 3 | 181 | 26/93 | 38/88 | 0.64 | 0.44 to 0.95 |
VTV vs pressure-limited MV22 | Death/BPD | 4 | 224 | 53/114 | 67/110 | 0.79 | 0.62 to 1.01 |
BPD | 9 | 909 | 74/325 | 102/295 | 0.68 | 0.53 to 0.87 | |
PVL/grade 3–4 IVH | 6 | 441 | 17/227 | 35/214 | 0.47 | 0.27 to 0.80 | |
VTV vs pressure-limited MV23 | BPD | 9 | 596 | 58/310 | 89/286 | 0.61 | 0.46 to 0.82 |
Grade 3–4 IVH | 11 | 707 | n.p. | n.p. | 0.55 | 0.39 to 0.79 | |
HFOV vs pressure-limited MV25 | Death/BPD | 17 | 3329 | 678/1659 | 756/1679 | 0.90 | 0.84 to 0.97 |
BPD | 17 | 2768 | 421/1392 | 485/1394 | 0.86 | 0.78 to 0.96 | |
Air leaks | 13 | 2854 | 392/1615 | 337/1439 | 1.19 | 1.05 to 1.34 | |
Early vs delayed surfactant for respiratory distress syndrome10 | Death/BPD | 3 | 3040 | 447/1519 | 543/1531 | 0.83 | 0.75 to 0.91 |
BPD | 3 | 3040 | 117/1519 | 170/1531 | 0.69 | 0.55 to 0.87 |
↵*OR.
BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; HFOV, high frequency oscillatory ventilation; INSURE, intubate, surfactant, extubate; IVH, intraventricular haemorrhage; LISA, less-invasive surfactant administration; MV, mechanical ventilation; NCPAP, nasal continuous positive airway pressure; n.p., not provided; PVL, periventricular leucomalacia; RR, relative risk; sNIPPV, synchronised nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation; VTV, volume-targeted ventilation.