N=445 | Outborn n=49 | Inborn n=396 | Mean difference (95% CI) | p Value (t-test) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age in years—mean (SD) Range | 28.0 (6.3)* 17 to 41 | 30.6 (6.0) 15 to 46 | 2.57 (0.77 to 4.37) | 0.005 |
Perinatal factors | OR (95% CI) | p Value | ||
Teenager | 5 (10.2%) | 11 (2.8%) | 3.98 (1.32 to 11.97) | 0.014 |
Multigravida | 29 (59.2%) | 172 (43.4%) | 1.89 (1.03 to 3.45) | 0.04 |
Previous preterm birth | 17 (34.7%) | 52 (13.1%) | 3.51 (1.82 to 6.78) | <0.001 |
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy | 2 (4.1%) | 62 (15.7%) | 0.23 (0.05 to 0.97) | 0.05 |
Any antepartum haemorrhage | 22 (44.9%) | 138 (34.8%) | 1.52 (0.84 to 2.77) | 0.17 |
Prelabour rupture of membranes | 8 (16.7%)* | 168 (42.4%) | 0.27 (0.12 to 0.59) | 0.001 |
Any antenatal corticosteroid exposure | 31 (63.3%) | 382 (96.5%) | 0.06 (0.03 to 0.14) | <0.001 |
Complete corticosteroids (2 doses) | 3 (6.1%) | 289 (73.1%)* | 0.02 (0.01 to 0.08) | <0.001 |
Vaginal birth | 27 (55.1%) | 172 (43.4%) | 1.60 (0.88 to 2.90) | 0.12 |
Infant factors | Mean difference (95% CI) | p Value (t-test) | ||
Gestational age (weeks): mean (SD) | 25.7 (1.26) | 25.6 (1.18) | 0.08 (0.04 to 0.27) | 0.66 |
Birth weight (g): mean (SD) | 894 (176) | 812 (197) | 83 (25 to 141 | 0.005 |
OR (95% CI) | p Value | |||
Male | 30 (61.2%) | 225 (56.8%) | 1.20 (0.65 to 2.20) | 0.56 |
Singleton | 35 (71.4%) | 277 (69.9%) | 1.07 (0.56 to 2.07) | 0.83 |
Non-lethal congenital anomaly | 3 (6.1%) | 30 (7.6%) | 0.80 (0.23 to 2.71) | 0.72 |
Apgar <7 at 5 min of age | 12 (27.9%)* | 167 (42.5%)* | 0.52 (0.26 to 1.05) | 0.07 |
Born in a hospital | 43 (88%) | 396 (100%) | ||
Born before arrival at hospital | 6 (12%) | – |
Data are n (%).
*n=1 missing data.
NICU, neonatal intensive care unit.