Accuracy of pulse oximetry, clinical examination and their combination for detecting critical congenital heart defects (n=26)
| Pulse oximetry (n=19 009) | Clinical examination (n=19 009) | Combination (n=19 009) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| True positives | 22 | 3 | 22 |
| False negatives | 4 | 23 | 4 |
| False positives | 6026 | 540 | 6361 |
| True negatives | 12 957 | 18 443 | 12 622 |
| Sensitivity (95% CI) (%) | 84.6 (66.5 to 93.9) | 11.5 (4.0 to 29.0) | 84.6 (66.5 to 93.9)* |
| Specificity (95% CI) (%) | 68.3 (67.6 to 68.9) | 97.2 (96.9 to 97.4) | 66.5 (65.8 to 67.2) |
| Positive predictive value (95% CI) (%) | 0.4 (0.2 to 0.6) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.6) | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.5) |
| Negative predictive value (95% CI) (%) | 99.9 (99.9 to 99.99) | 99.9 (99.8 to 99.9) | 99.9 (99.9 to 99.99) |
| Diagnostic accuracy (95% CI) (%) | 68.3 (67.6 to 68.9) | 97 (96.8 to 97.3) | 66.5 (65.8 to 67.2) |
| Positive likelihood ratio (95% CI) | 2.67 (2.62 to 2.71) | 4.06 (0.03 to 609.6) | 2.53 (2.48 to 2.57) |
| Negative likelihood ratio (95% CI) | 0.23 (0.14 to 0.37) | 0.91 (0.84 to 0.99) | 0.23 (0.14 to 0.38) |
*p<0.01 as compared with clinical examination.