Articles reporting an association between topical iodine exposure and thyroid function in infants born <32 weeks’ gestation or with a birth weight of <1500 g
| Authors | Characteristics of exposed infants | Study design | Source of iodine exposure | Route of exposure | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parravicini et al22 | Mean gestation 30.5±2.1 weeks Mean birth weight 1215±212 g | Cohort 9 exposed 18 exposed | 10% povidone-iodine versus chlorhexidine | Neonatal skin antisepsis | Infant selection not specified ✓ The sample met the inclusion criteria exactly |
| Smerdely et al4 | Mean gestation 28.6±2.5 weeks Mean birth weight 1061±286 g | Cohort 36 exposed 27 exposed | 10% povidone-iodine versus chlorhexidine | Neonatal skin antisepsis | Consecutive sample of infants with birth weight <1500 g Gestation and birth weight data were for 54 exposed infants but not all had urinary iodine and/or thyroid hormones measured ✓ The sample met the inclusion criteria exactly |
| Linder et al24 Inter NICU | Mean gestation 32.3±2.6 weeks, Mean birth weight 1538±332 g | Cohort 73 exposed 55 exposed | 1% povidone-iodine versus chlorhexidine | Maternal skin antisepsis prior to c. section and neonatal skin antisepsis | Consecutive sample of infants included ≤35 weeks. Infants in the non-exposed group would have been exposed to iodine if delivered by c. section. × The sample did not meet the inclusion criteria exactly |
| Linder et al24 Intra NICU | Mean gestation 32.7±1.9 weeks, Mean birth weight 1569±263 g | Cohort 24 exposed 22 exposed | 1% povidone-iodine versus chlorhexidine | Maternal skin antisepsis prior to c. section & neonatal skin antisepsis | Infant selection not specified. Infants were included ≤35 weeks. Infants in the non-exposed group would have been exposed to iodine if delivered by c. section × The sample did not meet the inclusion criteria exactly |
| Brown et al23 | Mean gestation 32.1±1.3 weeks, Mean birth weight 1548±341 g | Cohort 17 exposed 14 exposed | 10% povidone-iodine versus chlorhexidine | Neonatal skin antisepsis | Infant selection not specified; infants were included ≤36 weeks × The sample did not meet the inclusion criteria exactly |
| AvRuskin et al25 | 26–30 weeks’ gestation 710–1290 g | Cases series 9 infants exposed | 10% povidone-iodine | Neonatal skin antisepsis | Possible inclusion of maternal exposure to povidone-iodine via c. section Data were abstracted from the publication for infants≤30 weeks’ gestation ✓ The sample met the inclusion criteria exactly |
| Casteels et al21 | 29 weeks’ gestation | Case report 1 infant exposed | Povidone-iodine | Maternal via breast milk | Iodine tampons for treatment of abscess of the abdominal wall from postnatal days 7–32 ✓ The sample met the inclusion criteria exactly |
| Jeng et al26 | Mean birth weight 1192±194 g | Case report 6 infants exposed | 10% povidone-iodine | Neonatal antisepsis | Data were abstracted from the publication for six infants ✓ The sample met the inclusion criteria exactly |
| Khashu et al27 | 25 weeks’ gestation Birth weight 750 g | Case report 1 infant exposed | Povidone-iodine | Neonatal antisepsis of scalp infection | Povidone-iodine used three times daily for 20 days from days 14–34 postnatal ✓ The sample met the inclusion criteria exactly |
| Müther et al28 | Gestation 30+6 weeks | Case report 2 infants exposed | Povidone-iodine suppositories | Maternal | Twins, subjected to 7 weeks’ exposure in utero ✓ The sample met the inclusion criteria exactly |
| Smith et al29 | 31 weeks’ gestation 961 g birth weight | Case report 1 infant exposed | Povidone-iodine | Maternal via breast milk | Povidone-iodine soaked gauze to treat c. section wound dehiscence and infection ✓ The sample met the inclusion criteria exactly. |
| Bona et al30 | 30 and 32 weeks’ gestation 1650 and 1160 g birth weight | Case report 2 infants exposed | Povidone-iodine | Neonatal antisepsis | Data abstracted from the publication for two infants but the route of exposure was not absolutely clear × The sample did not meet the inclusion criteria exactly |
| Llinares et al31 | 34 weeks’ gestation 1500 g birth weight | Case report 1 infant exposed | Povidone-iodine | Neonatal antisepsis | Data abstracted from the publication for one infant × The sample did not meet the inclusion criteria exactly |
| Malpuech et al32 | 32 weeks and 1200 g 29 weeks and 1000 g | Case report 2 infants exposed | Topical iodine | Neonatal antisepsis | Data abstracted from the publication for two infants ✓ The sample met the inclusion criteria exactly |
| Ryan et al33 | Mean gestation 29.5±3.1 weeks Mean birth weight 1373±721 g | Cases series 4 infants exposed | 10% povidone-iodine | Neonatal lavage of ostomy sites | 1 infant was 34 weeks’ gestation × The sample did not meet the inclusion criteria exactly |