Pattern of late onset infection and necrotising enterocolitis before and after introduction of the alcohol hand rub and gloves regimen
| HW group (n = 161) | HR group (n = 176) | |
|---|---|---|
| Results are median (interquartile range) or number (%). | ||
| *p < 0.05, †p < 0.0001 compared with HW group. | ||
| HW, Conventional handwashing; HR, alcohol hand rub and gloves; CONS, coagulase negative staphylococci; MRSA, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; MSSA, methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus; NEC, necrotising enterocolitis. | ||
| Postnatal age at onset of sepsis (days) | 24 (12–39) | 32 (18–54)* |
| Septicaemic episodes (n) | 144 | 65 |
| Gram positive organisms | 103 (71.5%) | 49 (75%) |
| CONS | 72 (50%) | 43 (66%) |
| MSSA | 3 (2%) | – |
| MRSA | 20 (14%) | 2 (3%)* |
| Enterococcus faecalis | 8 (5.5%) | 4 (6%) |
| Gram negative organisms | 31 (21.5%) | 15 (23%) |
| Enterobacter (aerogenes, cloacae) | 13 (9%) | 5 (8%) |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 5 (3.5%) | 4 (6%) |
| Escherichia coli | 1 (1%) | 1 (1.5%) |
| Acinetobacter spp | 2 (1%) | 1 (1.5%) |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 3 (2%) | – |
| Serratia marcescens | 6 (4%) | 2 (3%) |
| Salmonella spp | 1 (1%) | – |
| Proteus mirabilis | – | 1 (1.5%) |
| Sphingomonas paucimobilis | – | 1 (1.5%) |
| Fungi | 10 (7%) | 1 (2%) |
| Candida spp | 10 (7%) | – |
| Malassezia furfur | – | 1 (2%) |
| NEC | 41 (25%) | 12 (7%)† |
| NEC requiring surgery | 6 (7%) | 5 (9%) |
| Serum CRP concentration (mg/l) | 54 (15–80) | 40 (16–69) |
| Infection related deaths | 4 (4.7%) | 2 (3.7%) |