Table 3

Cerebral palsy in surviving twins

Twin who died			Twin who survived with cerebral palsy
Birth weight (g)	Age at death		Cause of death	Birth weight (g)	Type of cerebral palsy	General practitioner comments
Same sex pairs
550	5 months	Congenital brain anomaly	570	Not specified	Speech delay
500	1 hour	Severe prematurity	600	Quadriplegia	Poor vision, profound disabilities, IVH leading to hydrocephalus
680	22 days	Chorioamnionitis, septicaemia	650	Diplegia
840	2 days	IVH	660	Diplegia	Functioning at 12–18 month level (chronological age 3 years)
980	<1 hour	Extreme prematurity	750	Mixed	Global delay, vision and physical disability, microcephaly
1820	<1 hour	Hydrops fetalis	800	Hemiplegia	Mild developmental delay
860	14 days	IVH, hydrocephalus	804	Not specified	Developmental delay in all areas
660	5 months	Extreme prematurity	815	R Hemiplegia	Slow to speak, late walking and crawling
1105	3 days	RDS	830	Diplegia	Motor development delayed, mental development in line with chronological age
840	11 weeks	Cerebral ischaemia	840	Hemiplegia	Toe walking, poor fine motor movements
850	11 days	IVH	850	Not specified	Developmental milestones delayed
840	4 months	BPD	860	Mixed	Mobility problems, cannot walk unaided
600	4 days	IVH	862	Diplegia	Cerebral haemorrhage → hydrocephalus → shunt
Not stated	13 days	Extreme prematurity	900	Not specified	Every milestone late, especially language. Weakness and ↑ tone L leg
750	7 days	PVH, TTT	910	R Hemiplegia	Speech delayed, L periventricular leucomalacia
2100	33 days	Extreme prematurity, PVL	940	Quadriplegia	Global delay, epilepsy
960	3 days	RDS	970	Diplegia	Normal speech and understanding
1030	27 days	NE	1030	Diplegia	Speech delay
1080	1 day	Cerebral dysgenesis, IVH	1040	Quadriplegia	Has achieved half the 0–4 month level early movement skills aged 3 years
1070	1 day	IVH	1070	R Hemiplegia	Delayed motor development and speech at 16 months, aged 3 years
1060	2 days	IVH	1070	Quadriplegia	Global developmental delay, PVL
1250	26 days	Extreme prematurity	1080	Diplegia
1050	7 days	IVH, NE	1095	L Hemiplegia	Hydrocephalus with shunt, visual impairment, epilepsy
1230	7 days	NE	1100	L Hemiplegia	IVH, hydrocephalus and shunt
840	5 days	Severe anaemia, TTT	1110	Quadriplegia	Severe PVL, locomotor, hearing/speech, eye/hand, performance delay
820	1 day	Edward's syndrome	1120	R Hemiplegia	Doing well at present
1200	7 months	SIDS	1120	Diplegia	Delay in social, hearing/speech and performance
780	<1 hour	Anaemia, TTT	1150	Diplegia	Locomotor and speech delay
1040	3 months	Bronchiolitis	1170	L Hemiplegia	Speech and walking delayed
1165	17 days	IVH	1265	Quadriplegia	Hydrocephalus arrested, gross motor developmental delay, speech reasonable
2120	22 hours	Cardiomyopathy	1340	L Hemiplegia	Psychomotor retardation
1516	6 hours	Massive pneumothorax	1548	Diplegia	Milestones delayed
1300	22 days	NE	1570	Quadriplegia	Poor vision, milestones 1 year delayed
694	5 months	NE	1610	Diplegia	VP shunt, hydrocephalus
1700	1 day	Congenital abnormality of the lung	1980	Hemiplegia	Great speech difficulties, L hydronephrosis

Different sex pairs
655	6 days	Bilateral IVH	622	Diplegia	Developmental delay
658	15 days	IVH	755	Not specified
720	2 hours	IVH	880	Not specified	Hydrocephalus, mental age 1 year, chronological age 5 years
1220	6 days	IVH	900	Quadriplegia	Brain cysts, microcephaly
920	4 days	IVH	930	L Hemiplegia	Gross motor development delayed by 6 months
915	4 days	IVH, pneumothorax	940	R Hemiplegia	Hydrocephalus with VP shunt, speech and language delay
980	4 days	IVH, pneumothorax	940	Diplegia
1230	9 days	Pulmonary haemorrhage	980	Not specified	Congenital hypothyroidism
980	27 days	Coarctation of the aorta	1361	Tetraplegia	Bilateral cystic PVL

IVH, Intraventricular haemorrhage; PVL, periventricular leucomalacia; TTT, twin to twin transfusion; SIDS, sudden infant death syndrome; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; NE, necrotising enterocolitis.