TY - JOUR T1 - Highlights from this issue JF - Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition JO - Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed SP - 1 LP - 1 DO - 10.1136/archdischild-2020-321258 VL - 106 IS - 1 AU - Ben J Stenson Y1 - 2021/01/01 UR - http://fn.bmj.com/content/106/1/1.abstract N2 - Nicky Hollebrandse and colleagues describe the neurodevelopmental outcomes at 8 years of almost 500 extremely preterm infants born before 28 week’s gestation and relate these to the presence and severity of intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) that was identified in the newborn period. It is particularly valuable that they achieved 91.4% follow-up of so many patients and to an age when assessments can be more detailed. When no IVH was identified, cerebral palsy was observed in 8% of the infants and impaired academic ability in 16%. With grade 1 and 2 IVH, cerebral palsy increased to 15% and 18% respectively, with no increase in the risk of impaired cognitive outcomes. With more severe IVH, risks of cerebral palsy and cognitive impairment increased further. Around 5% of the infants with grade 1 and 2 IVH developed cystic periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) later. The authors did not control for this and they considered it possible that IVH could be part of the causal pathway for this lesion. The infants did not have MRI scans. Later ultrasound detectable PVL could account for some but not most of the observed cerebral palsy in infants with low grade IVH. Nohaa Gorma and … ER -