@article {GuinsburgF49, author = {Ruth Guinsburg and Maria Fernanda Branco de Almeida and Junia Sampel de Castro and Walusa Assad Gon{\c c}alves-Ferri and Patricia Franco Marques and Jamil Pedro Siqueira Caldas and Vera Lucia Jornada Krebs and Ligia Maria Suppo de Souza Rugolo and Jo{\~a}o Henrique Carvalho Leme de Almeida and Jorge Hecker Luz and Renato S Procianoy and Jos{\'e} Luiz Muniz Bandeira Duarte and Marcia Gomes Penido and Daniela Marques de Lima Mota Ferreira and Navantino Alves Filho and Edna Maria de Albuquerque Diniz and Juliana Paula Santos and Ana Lucia Acquesta and Cristina Nunes dos Santos and Maria Rafaela Conde Gonzalez and Regina PG Vieira Cavalcanti da Silva and Jucile Meneses and Jos{\'e} Maria de Andrade Lopes and Francisc{\'o} Eul{\'o}gio Martinez}, title = {T-piece versus self-inflating bag ventilation in preterm neonates at birth}, volume = {103}, number = {1}, pages = {F49--F55}, year = {2018}, doi = {10.1136/archdischild-2016-312360}, publisher = {BMJ Publishing Group}, abstract = {Objective To verify whether the use of the T-piece resuscitator compared with the self-inflating bag in preterm infants ventilated at birth modifies survival to hospital discharge without major morbidities.Design Pragmatic prospective cohort study.Setting 20 Brazilian university hospitals of Brazilian Network on Neonatal Research. Patients were 1962 inborn infants in 2014{\textendash}2015 ventilated at birth with 23{\textendash}33{\textquoteright} weeks gestation and birth weight 400{\textendash}1499 g without malformations. Patients transferred until the 27th day after birth were excluded.Interventions Positive pressure ventilation at birth with T-piece resuscitator or self-inflating bag without positive end expiratory pressure valve. Intervention with ventilation followed the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics guidelines. The choice of the equipment was at the neonatologist{\textquoteright}s discretion in each delivery. The main outcome measures were survival to hospital discharge without bronchopulmonary dysplasia, severe peri-intraventricular haemorrhage and periventricular leucomalacia. Logistic regression adjusted for confounding variables was applied for main outcome.Results 1456 (74\%) were only ventilated with T-piece resuscitator and 506 (26\%) with the self-inflating bag. The characteristics of those ventilated with T-Piece resuscitator versus self-inflating bag were birth weight 969 {\textpm} 277 vs 941 {\textpm} 279 g, gestational age 28.2{\textpm}2.5 vs 27.8{\textpm}2.7 weeks and survival to hospital discharge without major morbidities 47\% vs 35\%. Logistic regression adjusted for maternal characteristics, obstetric and neonatal morbidities showed that the T-piece resuscitator increased the chance of survival to hospital discharge without major morbidities (OR=1.38; 95\% CI 1.06 to 1.80; Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit: 0.695).Conclusion This study is the first that highlights the effectiveness of T-piece resuscitator ventilation in improving relevant outcomes in preterm neonates.}, issn = {1359-2998}, URL = {https://fn.bmj.com/content/103/1/F49}, eprint = {https://fn.bmj.com/content/103/1/F49.full.pdf}, journal = {Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition} }