PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Johnson, Samantha AU - Evans, T Alun AU - Draper, Elizabeth S AU - Field, David J AU - Manktelow, Bradley N AU - Marlow, Neil AU - Matthews, Ruth AU - Petrou, Stavros AU - Seaton, Sarah E AU - Smith, Lucy K AU - Boyle, Elaine M TI - Neurodevelopmental outcomes following late and moderate prematurity: a population-based cohort study AID - 10.1136/archdischild-2014-307684 DP - 2015 Jul 01 TA - Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition PG - F301--F308 VI - 100 IP - 4 4099 - http://fn.bmj.com/content/100/4/F301.short 4100 - http://fn.bmj.com/content/100/4/F301.full SO - Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed2015 Jul 01; 100 AB - Objective There is a paucity of data relating to neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants born late and moderately preterm (LMPT; 32+0–36+6 weeks). This paper present the results of a prospective, population-based study of 2-year outcomes following LMPT birth.Design 1130 LMPT and 1255 term-born children were recruited at birth. At 2 years corrected age, parents completed a questionnaire to assess neurosensory (vision, hearing, motor) impairments and the Parent Report of Children's Abilities-Revised to identify cognitive impairment. Relative risks for adverse outcomes were adjusted for sex, socio-economic status and small for gestational age, and weighted to account for over-sampling of term-born multiples. Risk factors for cognitive impairment were explored using multivariable analyses.Results Parents of 638 (57%) LMPT infants and 765 (62%) controls completed questionnaires. Among LMPT infants, 1.6% had neurosensory impairment compared with 0.3% of controls (RR 4.89, 95% CI 1.07 to 22.25). Cognitive impairments were the most common adverse outcome: LMPT 6.3%; controls 2.4% (RR 2.09, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.64). LMPT infants were at twice the risk for neurodevelopmental disability (RR 2.19, 95% CI 1.27 to 3.75). Independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in LMPT infants were male sex, socio-economic disadvantage, non-white ethnicity, preeclampsia and not receiving breast milk at discharge.Conclusions Compared with term-born peers, LMPT infants are at double the risk for neurodevelopmental disability at 2 years of age, with the majority of impairments observed in the cognitive domain. Male sex, socio-economic disadvantage and preeclampsia are independent predictors of low cognitive scores following LMPT birth.