PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Harteman, Johanna C
AU  - Groenendaal, Floris
AU  - Kwee, Anneke
AU  - Welsing, Paco MJ
AU  - Benders, Manon JNL
AU  - de Vries, Linda S
TI  - Risk factors for perinatal arterial ischaemic stroke in full-term infants: a case-control study
AID  - 10.1136/archdischild-2011-300973
DP  - 2012 Nov 01
TA  - Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition
PG  - F411--F416
VI  - 97
IP  - 6
4099  - http://fn.bmj.com/content/97/6/F411.short
4100  - http://fn.bmj.com/content/97/6/F411.full
SO  - Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed2012 Nov 01; 97
AB  - Objective The incidence of perinatal arterial ischaemic stroke (PAIS) is about 1 in 2300 live births. Evidence about the aetiology is still lacking. The aim of this study was to identify maternal, perinatal and neonatal risk factors for symptomatic PAIS in full-term infants. Methods Each full-term infant with PAIS was matched to three healthy controls for gestational age, date of birth and hospital of birth. Antenatal and perinatal risk factors were studied using univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis. Results Fifty-two infants were diagnosed with PAIS. Significant risk factors in the univariate analysis (p<0.05) were nulliparity (64% vs 47%), maternal fever (>38°C) during delivery (10% vs 1%), fetal heart rate decelerations (63% vs 16%), meconium-stained amniotic fluid (44% vs 17%), emergency caesarean section (35 vs 2%), Apgar score (1 min) ≤3 (29% vs 1%), Apgar score (5 min) <7 (25% vs 1%), umbilical artery pH <7.10 (56% vs 10%), hypoglycaemia <2.0 mmol/l (29% vs 3%) and early-onset sepsis/meningitis (14% vs 2%). In the multivariate analysis, maternal fever (OR 10.2; 95% CI 1.3 to 78.5), Apgar score (5 min) <7 (OR 18.1; 95% CI 3.4 to 96.8), hypoglycaemia <2.0 mmol/l (OR 13.0; 95% CI 3.2 to 52.6) and early-onset sepsis/meningitis (OR 5.8; 95% CI 1.1 to 31.9) were significantly associated with PAIS. Conclusions Maternal fever during delivery and early-onset sepsis/meningitis were found to be involved with PAIS as was previously noted. Apgar score (5 min) <7 and hypoglycaemia were found to be important risk factors in term PAIS.