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Original article
Survival of very preterm infants: Epipage, a population based cohort study
  1. B Larroque1,
  2. G Bréart1,
  3. M Kaminski1,
  4. M Dehan2,
  5. M André3,
  6. A Burguet4,
  7. H Grandjean5,
  8. B Ledésert6,
  9. C Lévêque7,
  10. F Maillard1,
  11. J Matis8,
  12. J C Rozé9,
  13. P Truffert10,
  14. on behalf of the Epipage study group
  1. 1Epidemiological Research Unit on Perinatal and Women’s Health, U149 INSERM Villejuif, France
  2. 2Department of Neonatology, Hôpital Béclère, Clamart, France
  3. 3Maternité Régionale, Nancy, France
  4. 4Department of Neonatology, Besançon Hospital, Besançon, France
  5. 5INSERM U558, Toulouse, France
  6. 6Observatoire Régional de la Santé, Montpellier, France
  7. 7Department of Neonatology, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
  8. 8Department of Neonatology, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
  9. 9Department of Neonatology, Hôpital Mère Enfant, Nantes, France
  10. 10Department of Neonatology, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandres, Lille, France
  1. Correspondence to:
    Dr Larroque
    INSERM U149, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807 Villejuif cedex, France; larroquevjf.inserm.fr

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the outcome for all infants born before 33 weeks gestation until discharge from hospital.

Design: A prospective observational population based study.

Setting: Nine regions of France in 1997.

Patients: All births or late terminations of pregnancy for fetal or maternal reasons between 22 and 32 weeks gestation.

Main outcome measure: Life status: stillbirth, live birth, death in delivery room, death in intensive care, decision to limit intensive care, survival to discharge.

Results: A total of 722 late terminations, 772 stillbirths, and 2901 live births were recorded. The incidence of very preterm births was 1.3 per 100 live births and stillbirths. The survival rate for births between 22 and 32 weeks was 67% of all births (including stillbirths), 85% of live births, and 89% of infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units. Survival increased with gestational age: 31% of all infants born alive at 24 weeks survived to discharge, 78% at 28 weeks, and 97% at 32 weeks. Survival among live births was lower for small for gestational age infants, multiple births, and boys. Overall, 50% of deaths after birth followed decisions to withhold or withdraw intensive care: 66% of deaths in the delivery room, decreasing with increasing gestational age; 44% of deaths in the neonatal intensive care unit, with little variation with gestational age.

Conclusion: Among very preterm babies, chances of survival varies greatly according to the length of gestation. At all gestational ages, a large proportion of deaths are associated with a decision to limit intensive care.

  • very preterm infants
  • mortality
  • survival
  • intensive care

https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2002.020396

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    Footnotes

    • Funded by a contract INSERM (National Institute of Health and Medical Research)—Merck-Sharp et Dohme—Chibret, the Fondation de la Recherche Médicale, the Direction Génerale de la Santé of the Ministère des Affaires Sociales.

    • The Epipage Study Group

      INSERM U149: B Larroque (national coordinator), P-Y Ancel, B Blondel, G Bréart, M Dehan, M Garel, M Kaminski, F Maillard, C du Mazaubrun, P Missy, F Sehili, K Supernant

      Alsace: M Durand, J Matis, J Messer, A Treisser (Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg)

      Franche-Comté: A Burguet, L Abraham-Lerat, A Menget, P Roth, J-P Schaal, G Thiriez (CHU St Jacques, Besançon)

      Haute-Normandie: C Lévêque, S Marret, L Marpeau (Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen)

      Languedoc-Roussillon: P Boulot, J-C Picaud (Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier), A-M Donadio, B Ledésert (ORS Montpellier)

      Lorraine: M André, J-L Boutroy, J Fresson, P Vert (Maternité Régionale, Nancy)

      Midi-Pyrénées: C Arnaud, S Bourdet-Loubère, H Grandjean (INSERM U558, Toulouse), M Rolland (Hôpital des Enfants, Toulouse)

      Nord-Pas-de-Calais: C Leignel, P Lequien, V Pierrat, F Puech, D Subtil, P Truffert (Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille)

      Pays-de-Loire: G Boog, V Rouger-Bureau, J-C Rozé (Hôpital Mère-Enfant, Nantes)

      Paris-Petite-Couronne: P-Y Ancel, G Bréart, M Kaminski, C du Mazaubrun (INSERM U149, Paris), M Dehan, V Zupan (Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart), M Vodovar, M Voyer (Institut de Puériculture, Paris)