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Review
Neonatal and fetal therapy of congenital diaphragmatic hernia-related pulmonary hypertension
  1. Felix R De Bie1,2,
  2. Catherine M Avitabile3,4,
  3. Luc Joyeux2,
  4. Holly L Hedrick1,4,
  5. Francesca M Russo2,5,
  6. David Basurto2,
  7. Jan Deprest2,6,
  8. Natalie E Rintoul4,7
  1. 1 Department of Pediatric General, Thoracic, and Fetal Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
  2. 2 My FetUZ, Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster Woman and Child, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
  3. 3 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
  4. 4 Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
  5. 5 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
  6. 6 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division Woman and Child, Fetal Medicine Unit, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
  7. 7 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal Intensive Care, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
  1. Correspondence to Dr Felix R De Bie, Department of Pediatric General, Thoracic, and Fetal Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; felix.debie{at}kuleuven.be

Abstract

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a complex malformation characterised by a triad of pulmonary hypoplasia, pulmonary hypertension (PH) and cardiac ventricular dysfunction. Much of the mortality and morbidity in CDH is largely accounted for by PH, especially when persistent beyond the neonatal period and refractory to available treatment. Gentle ventilation, haemodynamic optimisation and pulmonary vasodilation constitute the foundations of neonatal treatment of CDH-related PH (CDH-PH). Moreover, early prenatal diagnosis, the ability to assess severity and the developmental nature of the condition generate the perfect rationale for fetal therapy. Shortcomings of currently available clinical therapies in combination with increased understanding of CDH pathophysiology have spurred experimental drug trials, exploring new therapeutic mechanisms to tackle CDH-PH. We herein discuss clinically available neonatal and fetal therapies specifically targeting CDH-PH and review the most promising experimental treatments and future research avenues.

  • intensive care units
  • neonatal
  • neonatology

Data availability statement

No data are available.

https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-322617

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    Data availability statement

    No data are available.

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    Footnotes

    • Twitter @FelixDeBieMD

    • Contributors FRDB designed the work. FRDB and LJ drafted the work. CMA, HLH, JD, NER, FMR and DB critically reviewed the work for intellectual content. All authors approved the final version to be published.

    • Funding FRDB received personal grant support from the Belgian-American Fulbright Commission, Belgian American Education Foundation, Sofina-Boël and Research Foundation Flanders (1S31720N). DB is funded by the Erasmus & Programme of the European Union (Framework Agreement number: 2013-0040). CA is funded by NIH/NHLBI 1K23 HL150337-01A1.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.

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