A study was undertaken at Nepean Hospital, Penrith to compare the outcome of pregnancies with growth retarded infants; 2,508 consecutive births were analyzed between August 1, 1989 and April 30, 1990. A comparison of outcome was made between infants whose birth-weight for gestational age was below the tenth percentile and infants who had a low ponderal index from 37 weeks' gestation. The Caesarean section delivery and fetal distress rates were significantly higher for infants with a low ponderal index than for infants with a low birth-weight. Ponderal index appears to be a better measure of infants with intrauterine growth problems than birth-weight percentiles.