The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and safety of transcutaneous bilirubinometry in preterm infants using the new bilirubin analyser BiliCheck. The study included 145 preterm children (23-36 wk gestation). Capillary blood sampling for determination of serum bilirubin (BS) was combined with transcutaneous bilirubin measurement (BTc) every morning until the sixth postnatal day and related to several clinical data (phototherapy (PT), infection signs, breathing disturbances, skin bleeding, etc.). Overall bilirubin concentration ranged from 17 to 371 micromol/l, and from 21 to 325 micromol/l for BS and BTc, respectively. Mean values obtained by BTc were significantly higher than BS values. The correlation coefficient between BS and BTc was r= 0.64 for the whole group, and r = 0.73 in infants without PT. As demonstrated by multiple regression analysis, BS-BTc correlations were related only to gestational age (beta -0.32) and breathing disturbances (beta 0.29), indicating that the lower the gestational age and the more seriously ill the baby, the higher the incoherence between BS and BTc.
Conclusion: BiliCheck provides a convenient, non-invasive possibility for bilirubin estimation in preterm infants. However, there are limitations: the method gives reliable results only in newborns older than 30 wk gestation, without PT and artificial ventilation.