Branching patterns of human placental villous trees: Perspectives of topological analysis
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Cited by (28)
The placenta in fetal growth restriction: What is going wrong?
2020, PlacentaCitation Excerpt :Death of these contractile stromal cells could contribute to decreased vascular compliance and increased vascular resistance seen in FGR placentae [64,65]. Early in gestation, cytotrophoblast proliferation facilitates villus growth via random segmental branching (new villi may emerge at any segment of the existing tree with equal probability), resulting in extensive linear growth of terminal villi from the second trimester onwards [66]. Later in gestation, terminal villus generation predominantly occurs due to the expansion of fetal vessels, concurrent with a decrease in cytotrophoblast proliferation and increased apoptotic death towards term [67,68].
A multiscale model of placental oxygen exchange: The effect of villous tree structure on exchange efficiency
2016, Journal of Theoretical BiologyCitation Excerpt :Assuming that oxygenated maternal blood enters into the IVS at a normal rate, the decrease in oxygen uptake rate would give rise to a higher average pO2 in the IVS than in normal pregnancies, which is consistent with hyperoxia in the IVS as suggested by Kingdom et al. in IUGR placentas (Kingdom and Kaufmann, 1997). Model limitations: There are several studies which aim to quantify the branching properties of villous structures (Haeussner et al., 2014; Kosanke et al., 1993), and these studies are becoming increasingly quantitative allowing incorporation of branching and 3D rotation angles (Haeussner et al., 2014). Our branching villous model aims to match as closely as possible to these existing studies, in terms of measured tree properties including branch numbers and lengths.
Modeling the Variability of Shapes of a Human Placenta
2008, PlacentaCitation Excerpt :Irregularities in disk outline, umbilical cord insertion and in disk thickness are markers of fetal–placental environmental pathology, denoting variable placental arborization, and as such, deformation of normal placental growth resulting in an abnormal placental structure. The microscopic growth of the human placenta involves repeated branching, analogous to the roots of a tree; its mature arborization pattern is complex (e.g., [1–8]), so complex that it cannot be measured reliably even by expert, dedicated pediatric pathologists [9,10]. Just as the pattern of roots reflects the underlying soil's fertility and predicts the health of plants that depend on those roots for sustenance, placental arborization reflects the health of the maternal environment and impacts on fetal health [11].
The correlation between sampling site and gene expression in the term human placenta
2005, PlacentaCitation Excerpt :Lastly, we chose our sites based on an unbiased systematic sampling of different placental regions. Previous studies utilized other approaches to spatial analysis of placental histomorphology or function (for example, see Refs. [21–24]), and it is likely that different methodologies might influence the extent of gene expression changes. Transcript expression at the medio-basal region might be influenced by the location at the center of the placenta or by the proximity to the umbilical cord insertion.
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Preliminary data were presented at the 87th meeting of the anatomical Society (Mainz, FRG) (Mironov et al, 1992a) and at the 12th Rochester Trophoblast Conference (Rochester, NY, USA) (Mironov et al, 1992b).