Does probiotics administration decrease serum endotoxin levels in infants?☆
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The enrichment of diet with beneficial bacteria (single- or multi- strain) in biofloc system enhanced the water quality, growth performance, immune responses, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
2021, AquacultureCitation Excerpt :In the absence of a GIT protective microbial flora, LPS might be delivered to the host at high concentration and over interact with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of intestinal epithelial cells, disrupt junctional protein complexes, pass through intestinal epithelium, enter circulatory system, induce inflammation, and eventually suppress immune responses and impair the growth performance of fish (Fukata and Arditi, 2013; Ringø et al., 2007; Swain et al., 2008). Probiotics can be beneficial in lowering the concentration of LPS in the blood by improving GIT barrier function and immune responses or by inhabiting an ecological niche (Sabico et al., 2017; Urao et al., 1999). The results showed decreased LPS in tilapia reared in BF units as well as SR units treated with probiotics.
Formulation and in vivo evaluation of probiotics-encapsulated pellets with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS)
2015, Carbohydrate PolymersCitation Excerpt :Endotoxin can cross the intestinal mucosa and enter the blood circulatory system, which may stimulate an innate immune response from adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle, leading to production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Creely et al., 2007; Miller et al., 2009; Harte et al., 2010). Urao, Fujimoto, Lane, Seo, and Miyano (1999) reported that oral administration probiotics to infants improves the ratio of intestinal flora and thereby decreases serum endotoxin produced by potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Moreover, it was reported that probiotic mixture containing several Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species can effectively reduce the paracellular intestinal permeability of endotoxin by decreasing the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and increasing the expression of tight junction proteins, thus reducing paracellular intestinal permeability (Chang et al., 2013).
In vitro and in vivo protective effects of fermented preparations of dietary herbs against lipopolysaccharide insult
2012, Food ChemistryCitation Excerpt :In contrast, there was a significant attenuation (73%) in the endotoxin level of the LPS-treated rats when they were co-treated with FHF, which indicates the advantage of using fermented herbal products in combination with probiotics to eliminate endotoxin from the blood. Our results are also in alignment with those from a clinical study which demonstrated that the administration of probiotics decreased the serum endotoxin levels in infants (Urao, Fujimoto, Lane, Seo, & Miyano, 1999). It has been suggested that the activation of the intestinal innate immune system by probiotics could be responsible for the enhanced clearance of endotoxin (Schiffrin et al., 2009).
New Concepts of Microbial Translocation in the Neonatal Intestine: Mechanisms and Prevention
2010, Clinics in PerinatologyCitation Excerpt :Preclinical studies showed that bifidobacteria significantly moderates NEC in neonatal rats.101 Beneficial in vivo effects of oral probiotic biotherapy in neonates are reportedly related to more competent gut-related immunity, a less pathogenic intestinal microflora, and diminished intraluminal microbial toxins.5,101,102 Clinical studies in human newborn infants demonstrated that probiotics reduced the incidence of NEC, although the effect was less evident in extremely preterm infants.103,104
Antioxidative and immunoprotective effects of Pyracantha fortuneana (Maxim.) Li polysaccharides in mice
2010, Immunology LettersCitation Excerpt :There have been some reports on the immune–antioxidant activity relationship of polysaccharides [12,27]. Urao et al. suggested that glucan (a kind of polysaccharide) administration favors the reproduction of beneficial micro-organisms in animal intestines, which could improve immune function by synthesizing vitamins and stimulating immunoglobulin activity [28]. Sklavos et al. reported that cumulative free radicals could induce oxidative damage on mice lymphocytes; however, the immune activity could be improved by scavenging these radicals [29].
Evaluation of antioxidant and immune activity of Phellinus ribis glucan in mice
2009, Food Chemistry
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Presented at the 45th Annual International Congress of the British Association of Paediatric Surgeons, Bristol, England, July 21–24, 1998.