Human neuropsychology II: Consequences of callosal dysfunctioningCallosal size in children with learning disabilities
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Cited by (68)
Axon diameter inferences in the human corpus callosum using oscillating gradient spin echo sequences
2022, Magnetic Resonance ImagingCitation Excerpt :Axon diameter and nerve conduction velocity are linearly related, and the diameter is crucial to determine because of its association with many medical conditions in vivo [2,9–12]. Previous studies have indicated that the size and distribution of axons may be altered in diseases including Alzheimer's [13], amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [14–16], autism [17,18], diabetes [19], dyslexia [20], multiple sclerosis [21], and schizophrenia [22,23]. The first MRI temporal diffusion spectroscopy methods applied to infer axon diameter sizes [2,6,24,25] used single diffusion encoding sequences [1,26] such as the pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) pulse sequence [27].
White matter microstructure from nonparametric axon diameter distribution mapping
2016, NeuroImageCitation Excerpt :Conventional neuroanatomical methods applied to postmortem human or animal tissue have provided evidence that the ADD changes in neurological conditions such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (Cluskey and Ramsden, 2001) and multiple sclerosis (MS) (Trapp et al., 1998; Evangelou et al., 2001; Lovas et al., 2000). In addition, several pathologies, including autism (Hughes, 2007), dyslexia (Njiokiktjien et al., 1994), schizophrenia (Randall, 1983), and even alcoholism (Livy and Elberger, 2008), have been associated with changes in the distribution of axon size. Changes in the number of axons and their diameters also take place throughout normal development accompanying the period of dynamic behavioral, cognitive, and emotional changes in childhood and adolescence (Yakovlev, 1967; Pfefferbaum et al., 1994; Gregg et al., 2007; Barnea-Goraly et al., 2005; Schlaug et al., 2009).
Including diffusion time dependence in the extra-axonal space improves in vivo estimates of axonal diameter and density in human white matter
2016, NeuroImageCitation Excerpt :Indeed, changes in axonal morphology have been associated with many conditions of interest. For instance, alterations of axonal diameters have been observed in psychiatric conditions like autism (Piven et al., 1997; Hughes, 2007), dyslexia (Njiokiktjien et al., 1994) and schizophrenia (Randall, 1983; Rice and Barone, 2000). Axon diameters were found to change following exposure to alcohol (Livy and Elberger, 2008), and increase in diameter of the axonal initial segment was reported as an early change in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Sasaki and Maruyama, 1992).
Spatiotemporal and frequency signatures of word recognition in the developing brain: A magnetoencephalographic study
2013, Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :Two hypotheses may explain some of the neural underpinnings of our observations: (1) The myelination and white-matter development that occurs between ages 6 to 17 may underlie such decreases in latency (Barnea-Goraly et al., 2005; Halgren et al., 2002; Klingberg et al., 1999; Pujol et al., 2006; Schmithorst et al., 2008; Su et al., 2008). Furthermore, it has been seen that problems in developmental myelination cause learning deficits and language impairment (Njiokiktjien et al., 1994). If our observations were only white-matter related, we expect that latencies in many of the peaks would decrease with brain maturation.
Brain Abnormalities in Language Disorders and in Autism
2007, Pediatric Clinics of North AmericaCitation Excerpt :Yet another study found volume reduction in the anterior of the corpus [70]. In SLI, one study found no difference in midsagittal callosal area [62], whereas another measured the corpus to be thicker in children who had familial dysphasia/dyslexia [71]. In our own samples [66], we found no difference in either SLI or autism in the midsagittal area of the corpus callosum, either as a whole or in any of the specific subregions delineated according to the method of Witelson [72]; however, the lack of volume increase occurred in the setting of larger brain and white matter volume, which ought to have lead to a larger corpus callosum because corpus callosum normally covaries to the 2/3 power of brain volume [73].