DNA, ganglioside and sulfatide in brains of rats given corticosterone in infancy, with an estimate of cell loss during development
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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Pathophysiology and potential anti-inflammatory therapies
2019, Paediatric Respiratory ReviewsCitation Excerpt :The most premature infants are not the worst affected (despite presumably more immature organ systems); treatment after 33 weeks’ postmenstrual age is associated with greatest neurological deficit at follow-up [58]. Adverse clinical neurological outcomes associated with dexamethasone are consistent with animal studies [59–61]. Other complications of high-dose postnatal steroid use include stunted growth [62], intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) [53,63], gastrointestinal bleeding [52], sepsis and hypertension [51–53,64].
Evidence-Based Neonatal Pharmacotherapy: Postnatal Corticosteroids
2012, Clinics in PerinatologyRepeated antenatal corticosteroid treatments adversely affect neural transmission time and auditory thresholds in laboratory rats
2012, Neurotoxicology and TeratologyCitation Excerpt :B) The oxidative stress caused by excessive fetal or neonatal exposure to AC has been implicated in damage to the cochlea (Canlon et al., 2003) and brain (Camm et al., 2011). ( C) Excessive fetal or neonatal AC exposure causes adverse effects on the nervous system which include the inhibition of neural growth and myelination (Antonow-Schlorke et al., 2007; Cotterrell et al., 1972; Dunlop et al., 1997; Levitt et al., 1996; McCallum et al., 2008; Quinlivan et al., 2000a,b; Uno et al., 1990), the inhibition of cell division and DNA synthesis (Howard and Benjamins, 1975), epigenetic modifications (Kapoor et al., 2008; Seckl and Meaney, 2006), cell death (Howard and Benjamins, 1975), decreased cerebral blood flow (McCallum et al., 2008) and “steroid diabetes” with all its negative sequelae for sensory and neurological morbidities (Nyirenda et al., 2001; Poston, 2010; Seckl, 2004; Seckl and Meaney, 2006). A single course of AC confers great benefit by reducing the incidence and severity of respiratory distress syndrome, chronic pulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, intracranial hemorrhages and death.
The effects of brood size on growth and steroid hormone concentrations in nestling eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis)
2011, General and Comparative EndocrinologyBehavioral and physiological responses of nestling pied flycatchers to acoustic stress
2010, Hormones and BehaviorPostnatal Ontogeny of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in the Hippocampus
2010, Vitamins and HormonesCitation Excerpt :Taken together, this data suggest that the hyporesponsiveness of the HPA axis during early neonatal period of the development is not absolute and disappears under situations that threaten health or survival. Generally, SHRP may be considered as a mechanism that protects non-matured neurons from fatal impact of circulating corticosteroids, which, if not stopped in time, may lead to the inhibition of neuronal cell division, glial development, alteration of neurofibril density, and as result to an retardation of brain growth (Antonow-Schlorke et al., 2003; Bohn and Friedrich, 1982; Howard and Benjamins, 1975; Kapellou et al., 2003). Depending on the developmental stage, glucocorticoids or stress exposure may lead to long-term effects on neuroendocrine, behavioral, emotional, and cognitive functions, which in turn are associated with increased risks of developing some metabolic, cardiovascular, and brain disorders in later life (Barker, 2007; Gluckman et al., 2005; Seckl and Meaney, 2006).
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Dr. Evelyn Howard died after this research was completed. Her research is currently being carried on by Dr. David S. Olton. All questions that would normally be addressed to Dr. Howard should be referred to: Dr. David S. Olton, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md. 21205, U.S.A.
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Present address: Biological Sciences Research Center and Department of Biochemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. 27514, U.S.A.; please send reprint requests to this address.