Elsevier

Brain Research

Volume 41, Issue 2, 22 June 1972, Pages 494-497
Brain Research

Free amino acids of chicken and rat retina

https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(72)90523-9Get rights and content

First page preview

First page preview
Click to open first page preview

References (21)

There are more references available in the full text version of this article.

Cited by (148)

  • Taurine: The comeback of a neutraceutical in the prevention of retinal degenerations

    2014, Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
    Citation Excerpt :

    This early increase in taurine concentration coincides with the formation of the photoreceptor layer. This layer accounts for more than 60% of all the taurine present in the retina (Huxtable, 1989), in which taurine is specifically located in the outer nuclear layer (Pasantes-Morales et al., 1972). The presence of such high concentrations of taurine amounts in photoreceptors was confirmed in animal models of retinitis pigmentosa (RP), with photoreceptor degeneration associated with a decrease in taurine levels to 25% the peak value (Schmidt, 1981).

  • Transporters and receptors in the posterior segment of the eye-5

    2013, Ocular Transporters and Receptors: Their Role in Drug Delivery
  • Function and regulation of taurine transport in Müller cells under osmotic stress

    2012, Neurochemistry International
    Citation Excerpt :

    Therefore, the close regulation of osmolarity is essential for cells in the retina, and is carried out by the transport of osmolytes such as taurine. Taurine is a β-amino acid classified as a conditionally essential amino acid, and is the most abundant free amino acid in the retina (12 mM in rat) where its concentration is 100 times greater than that in the serum (100–300 μM) (Jacobsen and Smith, 1968; Pasantes-Morales et al., 1972; Wright et al., 1986; Dawson et al., 1999). In the retina, taurine exerts its neuroprotective function as an antioxidant and osmolyte (Solís et al., 1988; Boldyrev et al., 1999; Tuz et al., 2001), and it has been reported that taurine deficiency causes a retinal abnormality and visual impairment in humans and rodents (Geggel et al., 1985; Heller-Stilb et al., 2002).

  • Lycium barbarum (Goji Berry) extracts and its taurine component inhibit PPAR-γ-dependent gene transcription in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: Possible implications for diabetic retinopathy treatment

    2011, Biochemical Pharmacology
    Citation Excerpt :

    A dietary source of taurine is essential for those animals (e.g. cat and humans) which cannot synthesize sufficient taurine and where greater consumption of taurine is required, such as in diabetes [76]. The concentration of taurine in photoreceptors, RPE cells and retina is estimated around 60–80 mM, which corresponds to about 40–75% of the total free amino acid content considered necessary to maintain physiological functions, including membrane stabilization, neuromodulation and integrity of retina [77–79]. Furthermore, several studies have reported that taurine potentiates the effect of insulin [35,36] and possibly affects the insulin receptor [37,38].

View all citing articles on Scopus
*

Permanent address: Universidad de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia.

**

Chargéde Recherche au CNRS.

View full text