Outcome of macrosomic and control groups
| Outcome parameters | Macrosomic group (n=2766) | Control group (n=2766) | p Values* | Macrosomic LGA (n=1347) | p Values† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NICU transfer, n (%) | 100 (3.6) | 57 (2.1) | <0.001 | 53 (3.9) | <0.001 |
| Prolonged hospitalisation, n (%) | 959 (34.7) | 534 (19.3) | <0.001 | 579 (43) | <0.001 |
| Composite outcome, n (%)‡ | 325 (11.7) | 222 (8.0) | <0.001 | 185 (13.7) | <0.001 |
| Infants with any birth trauma, n (%) | 55 (2) | 18 (0.7) | <0.001 | 28 (2.1) | <0.001 |
| Fracture of clavicle, n (%) | 51 (1.8) | 15 (0.5) | <0.001 | 26 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| Respiratory disorders, n (%) | 42 (1.5) | 15 (0.5) | <0.001 | 20 (1.5) | 0.003 |
| Hypoglycaemia, n (%) | 33 (1.2) | 14 (0.5) | 0.008 | 29 (2.2) | <0.001 |
| Hyperthermia, n (%) | 16 (0.6) | 4 (0.1) | 0.012 | 6 (0.4) | 0.09 |
| Unexplained jaundice, n (%) | 149 (5.4) | 132 (4.8) | 0.33 | 90 (6.7) | 0.012 |
| Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, n (%) | 16 (0.6) | 8 (0.3) | 0.15 | 8 (0.6) | 0.18 |
| Polycytemia, n (%) | 11 (0.4) | 6 (0.2) | 0.33 | 7 (0.5) | 0.14 |
| Cyanotic event, n (%) | 9 (0.3) | 8 (0.3) | 0.81 | 6 (0.4) | 0.41 |
| Culture-positive sepsis, n (%) | 8 (0.3) | 6 (0.2) | 0.79 | 5 (0.4) | 0.35 |
| Leukocytosis, n (%) | 7 (0.3) | 1 (0) | 0.07 | 3 (0.2) | 0.1 |
| Weight loss >10%, n (%) | 6 (0.2) | 9 (0.3) | 0.61 | 5 (0.4) | 0.78 |
| Thrombocytopenia, n (%) | 5 (0.2) | 4 (0.1) | 0.75 | 4 (0.3) | 0.45 |
| Hypocalcaemia, n (%) | 1 (0) | 0 | 0.98 | 1 (0.1) | 0.33 |
| Meconium aspiration, n (%) | 1 (0) | 0 | 0.98 | 0 | 0.98 |
*p Values between macrosomic and control groups
†p Values between macrosomic LGA and control groups.
‡Defined as one or more of the following: 5 min Apgar score <7, asphyxia, convulsions, birth injury, hypoglycaemia, hypocalcaemia, unexplained hyperbilirubinemia, metabolic acidosis, polycythaemia, meconium aspiration syndrome, transient tachypnoea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome, hyperthermia, cyanotic episodes or loss of >10% of birth weight.
LGA, large for gestational age; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit.