Neonatal outcomes
| 25–28 Weeks | 29–32 Weeks | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MIST (n=38) | Controls (n=41) | p Value* | MIST (n=23) | Controls (n=56) | p Value* | |
| Intubated <72 h | 12 (32%) | 28 (68%) | 0.0011 | 5 (22%) | 25 (45%) | 0.057 |
| Intubated at any time | 20 (53%) | 30 (73%) | 0.058 | 6 (26%) | 26 (46%) | 0.094 |
| Surfactant given | 38 (100%) | 27 (66%) | <0.001 | 23 (100%) | 22 (39%) | <0.001 |
| Time of first surfactant dose (h) | 3.1 (1.1 to 4.2) | 5.8 (3.7 to 14) | <0.001 | 9.9 (3.6 to 17) | 13 (7.6 to 30) | 0.030 |
| Two or more surfactant doses | 8 (21%) | 7 (17%) | 0.65 | 5 (22%) | 5 (8.9%) | 0.12 |
| PDA treated with medical therapy | 24 (63%) | 12 (29%) | 0.0025 | 3 (13%) | 4 (7.1%) | 0.40 |
| Pneumothorax | 3 (7.9%) | 6 (15%) | 0.48 | 3 (13%) | 11 (20%) | 0.75 |
| Died | 1 (2.6%) | 3 (7.3%) | 0.62 | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.8%) | 1.0 |
| BPD | 11 (29%) | 12 (29%) | 0.83 | 0 (0%) | 2 (3.6%) | 1.0 |
| Died or BPD | 12 (32%) | 15 (37%) | 0.64 | 0 (0%) | 3 (5.4%) | 0.55 |
| IVH grades III or IV | 1 (2.6%) | 4 (10%) | 0.36 | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.8%) | 1.0 |
| ROP>stage 2 | 1 (2.6%) | 0 (0%) | 0.48 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.0 |
| NEC Bell stage II or greater | 1 (2.6%) | 5 (12%) | 0.20 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.0 |
| Major morbidity | 13 (34%) | 19 (46%) | 0.27 | 0 (0%) | 4 (7.1%) | 0.32 |
| Died or major morbidity | 14 (37%) | 19 (46%) | 0.39 | 0 (0%) | 5 (8.9%) | 0.31 |
| Respiratory support days | 32 (4.5 to 77) | 38 (11 to 55) | 0.50 | 4.7 (3.2 to 5.7) | 4.9 (3.4 to 7.4) | 0.37 |
| Oxygen days | 14 (3.3 to 43) | 40 (16 to 75) | 0.025 | 2.5 (0.79 to 4.3) | 4.5 (3.0 to 5.3) | 0.019 |
| Intensive care days | 42 (19 to 55) | 41 (15 to 58) | 0.83 | 6.0 (4.5 to 13) | 7.0 (5.0 to 9.0) | 0.70 |
Median (IQR) or n (%).
↵* p Value from Mann–Whitney, χ2 or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate.
BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; IVH, intraventricular haemorrhage; MIST, minimally-invasive surfactant therapy; NEC, necrotising enterocolitis; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity.