LL | LH | HH | p Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Mean (95% CI) | N | Mean (95% CI) | N | Mean (95% CI) | ||
Ascorbic acid day 2 | 38 | 53.9 (44.1 to 63.4) | 39 | 51.2 (40.2 to 62.1) | 39 | 58.3 (45.1 to 71.6) | 0.69† |
Ascorbic acid day 10 | 32 | 38.5 (28.9 to 48.1) | 29 | 35.9 (28.4 to 43.4) | 26 | 69.7 (49.6 to 89.8) | 0.001† |
Ascorbic acid day 21 | 33 | 47.7 (39.5 to 55.8) | 25 | 55.8 (44.7 to 66.9) | 32 | 70.6 (57.5 to 83.7) | 0.006† |
Ascorbic acid day 28 | 33 | 51.5 (42.0 to 61.0) | 31 | 59.4 (50.0 to 68.9) | 29 | 78.6 (63.4 to 93.8) | 0.0003† |
N | Mean (95% CI) | N | Mean (95% CI) | N | Mean (95% CI) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Days of ventilation | 31 | 10.3 (4.8 to 15.7) | 27 | 9.2 (3.5 to 15.0) | 25 | 7.5 (2.7 to 12.2) | 0.98† |
Days of oxygen therapy | 40 | 29 (18 to 40) | 40 | 25 (12 to 38) | 39 | 28 (14 to 41) | 0.08† |
Days parenteral nutrition | 32 | 11.7 (7.5 to 16.0) | 29 | 9.9 (5.5 to 14.4) | 30 | 7.7 (5.6 to 9.7) | 0.32† |
Age (days) at full oral feeding | 40 | 10.6 (8.2 to 13.0) | 40 | 88.8 (5.8 to 11.8) | 39 | 8.2 (6.2 to 10.2) | 0.12† |
N | % (95% CI) | N | % (95% CI) | N | % (95% CI) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Study groups: LL, received low ascorbic acid (AA) supplementation throughout; LH, received low AA until day 10 and then high; HH, received high AA throughout. | |||||||
*Screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) confined to infants <31 weeks gestation or <1250 g birth weight. | |||||||
†Kruskal-Wallis test. | |||||||
‡χ2 tests with 2 degrees of freedom. | |||||||
¶Fisher’s exact test. | |||||||
PMA, postmenstrual age. | |||||||
Oxygen at 28 days | 39 | 51 (36 to 67) | 38 | 37 (22 to 52) | 36 | 36 (20 to 52) | 0.32‡ |
Oxygen at 36 weeks PMA | 39 | 41 (26 to 57) | 38 | 29 (15 to 43) | 36 | 19 (7 to 32) | 0.12‡ |
Death or oxygen at 28 days | 40 | 53 (37 to 68) | 40 | 40 (25 to 55) | 39 | 41 (26 to 57) | 0.46‡ |
Death or oxygen at 36 weeks PMA | 40 | 43 (27 to 58) | 40 | 33 (18 to 47) | 39 | 26 (12 to 39) | 0.28‡ |
Postnatal steroids | 40 | 15 (4 to 26) | 40 | 10.0 (1 to 19) | 39 | 5.1 (2 to 12) | 0.39¶ |
ROP* | 31 | 39 (22 to 56) | 30 | 37 (19 to 54) | 25 | 40 (21 to 59) | 0.97‡ |
Necrotising enterocolitis | 40 | 2.5 (0 to 7) | 40 | 7.5 (0 to 16) | 39 | 2.6 (0 to 8) | 0.62¶ |