Histological evidence of brain damage, including putative prenatal damage, in 59 neonates aged 3 days or less
| Pathological feature | Encephalopathic | No encephalopathy | No encephalopathy | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BA group (n = 10; 17%) | BA group (n = 36; 61%) | BA group (n = 13; 22%) | ||||
| Mature (n = 8) | Preterm (n = 2) | Mature (n = 13) | Preterm (n = 23) | Mature (n = 2) | Preterm (n = 11) | |
| Values in parentheses are percentages. | ||||||
| Mature, ⩾37 weeks; preterm, 24–36 weeks. | ||||||
| Neuronal eosinophilia | 8 (100) | 1 | 5 (38) | 4 (17) | 0 | 4 (36) |
| Neuronal karyorrhexis | 8 (100) | 1 | 1 (8) | 4 (17) | 0 | 0 |
| Grey matter infarcts | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| White matter gliosis* | 7 (88) | 1 | 4 (31) | 9 (39) | 1 | 0 |
| Grey matter gliosis* | 5 (63) | 1 | 0 | 1 (4) | 0 | 0 |
| Microglial upregulation | 6 (75) | 1 | 2 (15) | 9 (39) | 0 | 1 (9) |
| Macrophages* | 7 (88) | 1 | 1 (8) | 8 (35) | 0 | 0 |
| Fresh haemorrhage | 4 (50) | 0 | 6 (46) | 11 (48) | 0 | 5 (45) |
| Haemosiderin deposits | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mineral deposits | 1 (13) | 0 | 1 (8) | 6 (26) | 1 | 1 (9) |
| *Estimated prenatal brain damage | 8 (100) | 1 | 5 (38) | 12 (52) | 1 | 0 |