Evaluation of laryngeal mask airway for neonatal resuscitation in three studies
| Gandini & Brimacombe15 | Paterson et al42 | Trevisanuto et al43 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as mean (SD) or median (range). | |||
| *Data are for two groups of patients (low birthweight and term infants respectively). | |||
| CPAP, Continuous positive airway pressure; HR, heart rate; LMA, laryngeal mask airway; NA, not available; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; PPV, positive pressure ventilation. | |||
| Study design | Observational, prospective | Observational, prospective | Observational, retrospective |
| Study period | 2 months | 5 years | 12 months |
| No of patients | 21 | 104 (29+75)* | 95 |
| No of operators | 3 | 1 | 10 |
| Training (uses/operator) | 8 | 5 | 10 |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 38 (2) | 37 (34–42), 32 (28–37) | 39 (29–42) |
| Birth weight (kg) | 3.3 (0.6) | 3.7 (2.7–4.7), 2.0 (1.2–2.4) | 3.1 (0.9–4.9) |
| Caesarean section (%) | NA | 78 | 45 |
| Apgar score (5 min) | 8 (5–10) | 9 (7–10), 8 (6–10) | 9 (5–10) |
| Indication for LMA use | Apnoea/HR<100/min | Apnoea/HR<100/min | Apnoea/HR<100/min |
| Insertion attempts (1/2) | 21/0 | 104/0 | 95/0 |
| Time for LMA insertion (seconds) | 8.6 (1.4) | NA | NA |
| Duration of LMA placement (seconds) | 80 (61) (PPV) 55 (28) (CPAP) | 42 (19–408) | 74 (32–904) |
| Efficacy (%) | 95 | 99 | 99 |
| Time to reach adequate oxygenation (seconds) | <60 | 19 | <30 |
| Late intubation | 1 (4.7%) | 6 (5.7%) | 5 (5.2%) |
| Audible peak pressure (cm H2O) | 22 (3) | 22 (15–32), 24 (16–36) | NA |
| Peak pressure obtained (cm H2O) | 37 (3) | NA | NA |
| Admission to NICU (%) | 15 | NA | 21 |
| No of complications | |||
| Pneumothorax | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Gastric insufflation | 0 | 0 | 0 |