Anthropometric data at birth and clinical features of the neonatal period
| SGA neonates | AGA neonates | Statistical significance | |
|---|---|---|---|
| For the z score, the difference is the mean of the intrapair score differences. Exact χ2 on discordant pairs. p Values in bold indicate significant difference. | |||
| *Values are mean (range). | |||
| †Values are n/N where N is the number of known data and n is the number of cases. | |||
| ‡Values are median (range). | |||
| §One also had minor leucomalacias. | |||
| SGA, Small for gestational age; AGA, appropriate size for gestational age; HC, head circumference; NEC, necrotising enterocolitis; PIVH, peri-intraventricular haemorrhage, bilateral grading. | |||
| Birth weight (g)* | 849 (660–990) | 1434 (1090–2400) | Median difference 480 |
| Mean z score | −2.68 (0.96) | −0.43 (0.85) | 2.26 (1.02) |
| Length (cm)* | 34.3 (31–43) | 38.8 (35–46) | Median difference 6 |
| Mean z score | −3.22 (1.08) | −0.50 (0.93) | 2.74 (1.40) |
| HC (cm)* | 25.4 (23–27.5) | 28.5.5 (25–33) | Median difference 3 |
| Mean z score | −2.67 (1.10) | −0.60 (0.91) | 2.62 (1.20) |
| One minute Apgar score ⩽2† | 9/36 | 5/35 | p<0.20 |
| Hyaline membrane disease† | 6/36 | 13/34 | p<0.02 |
| Patent ductus arteriosus† | 9/36 | 3/32 | p<0.10 |
| Enteropathy/NEC† | 11/36 | 4/34 | p<0.05 |
| Mechanical ventilation (days)‡ | 1 (0–167) | 3 (0–20) | |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia† | 8/36 | 2/35 | p<0.02 |
| Congenital anomalies† | 11/36 | 4/36 | p<0.05 |
| Gastro-oesophageal reflux† | 15/36 | 7/35 | p<0.05 |
| One to four other complications† | 27/36 | 15/34 | p<0.01 |
| Hospital stay (days)* | 77 (42–257) | 65 (15–171) | |
| Retinopathy grade 1 or 2† | 6/31 | 3/27 | p<0.20 |
| PIVH grade (0-I) to (II-II)† | 13/36§ | 15/34+1(III-III) | p<0.90 |
| Pure minor leucomalacias† | 5/36 | 4/36 | p<0.90 |