The impact of low birthweight on special education costs
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Neonatal health of parents and cognitive development of children
2020, Journal of Health EconomicsShale gas development and infant health: Evidence from Pennsylvania
2018, Journal of Health EconomicsEarly growth patterns are associated with intelligence quotient scores in children born small-for-gestational age
2015, Early Human DevelopmentCitation Excerpt :While on individual level differences in IQ scores of 1 to 5 points may not be clinically relevant, on population level, IQ changes of magnitudes of 2 points observed in SGA children have a significant impact on the educational requirements of children [53] and have been associated with higher educational and occupational achievements and social adjustment [55,56]. Such benefits might ultimately result in significant reduction in the costs of special education [57–59]. In summary, we found preliminary evidence of an association between early growth trajectories and IQ scores as early as 4 years of age in SGA children.
Sources of variation in the design of preclinical studies assessing the effects of amphetamine-type stimulants in pregnancy and lactation
2015, Behavioural Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :MA can easily cross the placental barrier during pregnancy [1] and therefore may put the offspring at risk. Early human studies found that children prenatally exposed to MA had increased stress, decreased arousal, movement disturbances and decreased school achievements [6,7]. Similar studies also showed that children had lower verbal and long-term spatial memory and lower visual motor integration [8].
Air pollution effects on fetal and child development: A cohort comparison in China
2014, Environmental PollutionCitation Excerpt :It is important to note that the initial birth weight and height for infants in the 2002 cohort were lower than for those in the 2005 cohort, though the differences were not significant. These findings are also of potential concern because several previous studies have reported a correlation between overall reduced fetal growth and adverse cognitive outcomes (Chaikind and Corman, 1991; Matte et al., 2001). The increased sensitization of head circumference, versus birth weight and height, can be explained by the developing central nervous system being extremely vulnerable to toxic chemicals.
Very preterm adolescents show gender-dependent alteration of the structural brain correlates of spelling abilities
2011, NeuropsychologiaCitation Excerpt :Difficulties in scholastic performance are often evident from an early age (Taylor, 2010), with many individuals still experiencing specific cognitive impairments in adolescence in domains such as attention (Taylor, Minich, Bangert, Filipek, & Hack, 2004), verbal fluency (Allin et al., 2005, 2008; Nosarti et al., 2008), reading and spelling (Nosarti et al., 2008), mathematical aptitude (Isaacs, Edmonds, Lucas, & Gadian, 2001), everyday memory (Isaacs et al., 2000), as well as global deficits in intellectual functioning (Allin et al., 2007). Adverse educational outcomes following VPT birth can impact both at an individual and societal level, resulting in long-term learning difficulties, increased requirement for expensive special educational resources and higher rates of school drop-out (Aylward, 2005; Chaikind & Corman, 1991). Longitudinal trajectories of functional impairments associated with preterm birth remain debated, with several studies demonstrating worsening in functional outcome relative to controls over time (Botting, Powls, Cooke, & Marlow, 1998; O’Brien et al., 2004), whilst others showing relative improvement of global intellectual function by late adolescence (Peng et al., 2005; Tideman, 2000).