Behavioural and emotional problems in very preterm and very low birth weight infants at age 5 years

Sijmen A. Reijneveld ^1*, Martin J. de Kleine ², Anneloes L. van Baar ³, Louis A.A. Kollée ⁴, Christianne M. Verhaak ⁴, Frank C. Verhulst ⁵ and S. Pauline Verloove-Vanhorick ⁶

¹ University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Dept of Health Sciences, Netherlands
² Maxima Medical Centre, Dept of Neonatology, Netherlands
³ Tilburg University, Paediatric Psychology, Netherlands
⁴ University Medical Center Nijmegen, Radboud University, Department of Paediatrics, Netherlands
⁵ Erasmus University Rotterdam, Academic Hospital Rotterdam-Sophia, Dept of Child and Adol. Psychiatry, Netherlands
⁶ TNO (Netherlands Organization of Applied Scientific Research) Quality of Life, Dept of Child Health, Netherlands

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: s.a.reijneveld{at}med.umcg.nl.

Accepted 20 July 2006

Abstract

Objective: Children born very preterm (VP, < 32 weeks) or with very low birth weight (VLBW, <1500 grms) are at risk for behavioural and emotional problems during school age and adolescence. At school entrance these problems may hamper school functioning, but evidence on their occurrence at this age in VP/VLBW children is lacking. The aim of this study is to provide such information, and to examine the association of behavioural and emotional problems with other developmental problems assessed by paediatricians.

Design, setting and participants: We compared a cohort of 431 VP and/or VLBW children aged 5 years (response 76.1%) with two large national samples of children in the same age (n=6,007, response 86.9%).

Outcome measures: Behavioural and emotional problems measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and paediatrician assessment of other developmental domains among VP/VLBW children.

Results: The prevalence rate of a clinical CBCL Total Problems score was higher among VP/VLBW than among children of the same age from the general population (13.2 vs. 8.7%, odds ratio: 1.60 (95%-confidence interval 1.18 to 2.17)). Mean differences were largest for social and attention problems. Moreover, they were larger in children with paediatrician diagnosed developmental problems at 5 years, and somewhat larger in case of severe perinatal problems.

Conclusion: VP/VBW children are more likely at school entrance to have behavioural and emotional problems that are detrimental for school functioning. Targeted and timely help is needed to support them and their parents in surpassing these problems and to enable a successful societal career.

Keywords: follow-up studies, infant, premature, infant, very low birth weight, mental disorders

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

Relevant Article

Fantoms

Martin Ward Platt
Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2006 91: F391. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Roze, E., Van Braeckel, K. N. J. A., van der Veere, C. N., Maathuis, C. G. B., Martijn, A., Bos, A. F. (2009). Functional Outcome at School Age of Preterm Infants With Periventricular Hemorrhagic Infarction. Pediatrics 123: 1493-1500 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Makrides, M., Gibson, R. A., McPhee, A. J., Collins, C. T., Davis, P. G., Doyle, L. W., Simmer, K., Colditz, P. B., Morris, S., Smithers, L. G., Willson, K., Ryan, P. (2009). Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Preterm Infants Fed High-Dose Docosahexaenoic Acid: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA 301: 175-182 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Samara, M., Marlow, N., Wolke, D., for the EPICure Study Group, (2008). Pervasive Behavior Problems at 6 Years of Age in a Total-Population Sample of Children Born at <=25 Weeks of Gestation. Pediatrics 122: 562-573 [Abstract] [Full Text]