REVIEW

Pinching, electrocution, ravens’ beaks, and positive pressure ventilation: a brief history of neonatal resuscitation

C P F O’Donnell¹, A T Gibson² and P G Davis¹

¹ Royal Women’s Hospital Melbourne and University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
² Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr O’Donnell
Royal Women’s Hospital Melbourne, 132 Grattan Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia; codonnell{at}nmh.ie

Since ancient times many different methods have been used to revive newborns. Although subject to the vagaries of fashion for 2000 years, artificial respiration has been accepted as the mainstay of neonatal resuscitation for about the last 40. Formal teaching programmes have evolved over the last 20 years. The last 10 years have seen international collaboration, which has resulted in careful evaluation of the available evidence and publication of recommendations for clinical practice. There is, however, little evidence to support current recommendations, which are largely based on expert opinion. The challenge for neonatologists today is to gather robust evidence to support or refute these recommendations, thereby refining this common and important intervention.

Keywords: artificial respiration; history; resuscitation

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